=Alexander II.=, emperor of Russia (1855-1881), II 154-242 descendants of Jewish converts prominent during reign of, I 388 releases imprisoned Jewish printer, II 124 confirms sentence of Jews accused of ritual murder, II 152 pardons them later, II 153 abolishes juvenile conscription, II 155 f sanctions opening of Russian Interior to first guild merchants, II 162; to university graduates, II 166, 348; to artisans, II 170 promotes handicrafts among Jews, II 346 f Jewish trade school named after, III 13 does not favor agriculture among Jews, II 197 refuses right of universal residence to "Nicholas Soldiers," II 171 ff; finally grants it, II 29, 172 restricts appointment of rabbis and teachers, II 175 sanctions removal of Jewish disabilities in Poland, II 95, 181 f admits Jews to bench, III 26 receives memorandum from Brafman, II 187 approves of popular representation, II 245 grants liberties to Zemstvos, II 386 assassinated, II 243, 279 influence of, on succeeding reign, II 349 laws in favor of Jews enacted by, repealed by successor, II 399 Jewish policy of, declared ineffective, II 271, 309 era of, depicted by Mendele Mokher Sforim, III 61 =Alexander III.=, emperor of Russia (1881-1894), II 243-429 prejudiced against Jews while yet crown prince, II 202, 203, 244 influenced by Pobyedonostzev, II 245 holds conferences to decide policy of state, II 244 promises to maintain autocracy, II 246 receives Jewish deputation, II 260 f endorses Ignatyev's anti-Jewish policy, II 272 appoints Gubernatorial Commissions, II 272 regrets necessity of suppressing pogroms, II 284 disregards Jews in coronation manifesto, II 338 bent on limiting admission of Jews to schools, II 339 f, 349 closes Jewish school of handicrafts, II 347 supports anti-Jewish minority of Pahlen Commission, II 370 affected by "miraculous" escape in railroad accident, II 378 condemns Jews for Crucifixion, II 379 reads and supports anti-Semitic papers, II 380 disregards Solovyov's appeal in favor of Jews, II 390 appealed to by Mayor of London in favor of Jews, II 390 angered by London appeal, II 393 United States Congress decides to appeal to, II 395 endorses emigration of Jewish proletariat, II 414 favors liquor state monopoly as anti-Jewish measure, III 22 refuses petition of Jewish soldiers to remain in Moscow, II 404 expels heads of Moscow Jewish community, II 424 threatens to sell at auction Moscow synagogue, II 424, III 12 causes expulsion of Jews from Yalta, II 429, III 18 death of, II 429 Jewish sect promises to name children after, II 334 =Alexandria=, Egypt, emigration from, to South Russia, I 16 =Alexandra= (government of Kherson), pogrom at, III 100