=Azov, Sea of=, Jewish settlements on shores of, I 14 f movement of Khazars towards, I 19 =Baal-Shem=, name explained, I 223 Joel, I 203 founder of Hasidism acting as, I 224 _Israel Baal-Shem-Tob_, see Israel =Bab Al-Abwab= (now Derbent), city in Caucasia, I 26 =Babunj=, land of, synagogue destroyed in, I 22 =Babylonia=, Judaism of, influences Khazars, I 20 scholars of, invited by Khazars 21, I 27 Poland compared with, I 122 =Baer=, of Lubavici, head of _Habad_ sect, II 117 =Baer=, of Mezherich, disciple of Israel _Baal-Shem-Tob_, I 227, I 229 f, I 232 disciples of, carry Hasidism to North, I 234; establish Hasidism in Poland, I 33, 34 great-grandson of Israel of Ruzhin, II 120 =Bagdad=, caliphate of, relation of Khazars to, I 22 city of, threatened by Russians, I 26 f Gaon of, communicates with Jewish scholars in Russia, I 33 =Bahurs=, or Yeshibah students, supported by Jewish communities in Poland, I 116 large number of in Lithuania, II 113 affected by _pilpul_ method, I 119 study Aristotle, I 120 =Bak-Tadlud=, city in Caucasia, I 26 =Bakchi-Sarai=, Tartar capital, I 35 =Bakst=, professor, attends Jewish conference in St. Petersburg, II 304 opposes Jewish emigration from Russia, II 306 =Balkan Peninsula=, movement of Khazars towards, I 20 =Balta= (Podolia), pogrom at, II 299 ff, 314, 316, 321 rabbi of, pleads for rioters, II 316 visited by governor-general, II 316 f Jewish community of, sends deputation to St. Petersburg, II 316 f =Baltic Provinces=, number of Jews in, II 168 new Jewish settlers expelled from, II 32 Jews barred from (1835), II 40 expulsion of old settlers from, repealed, II 428 in throes of terrorism (1905), III 130; see Courland and Livonia =Bank=, St. Petersburg lawyer, member of Jewish deputation to Alexander III., II 261 =Baptism=, see Conversion =Bar= (Podolia), massacre at, I 149 Polish conference of, I 183 =Bar=, the Russian, established 1864, II 173 Jews admitted to, II 73 excluded from, II 352 f; III 26 f Bar Association of St. Petersburg protests against Beilis case, II 166 =Baranov=, Russian Senator, dispatched to White Russia, I 406 "=Bare-Footed Brigade=," the, nickname for tramps, II 253 active in pogroms, 253, 256 =Bartnit=, city in Crimea, I 26 =Baruch=, see Borukh =Bashi-Buzuks=, Turkish irregular troops, II 253 pogrom makers compared with, II 253, 289 =Basil=, the Macedonian, emperor of Byzantium, persecutes Jews, I 23 =Basil=, Christian martyr, I 17 =Basil=, grand duke of Moscow, I 242 =Basle=, Council of, adopts canonical laws against Jews, I 63 Zionist Congresses at, III 44 f, 84 f, 144 "Program," III 44; modified by Ahad Ha'am, 50 =Basurman=, Russian name for non-Orthodox, I 35