Return of Judas to Jerusalem--Reconsecration of the Temple--The Feast of Lights--Fortification of the Capital--The Idumæans and Ammonites defeated by Judas--Ill-treatment of the Galilean Judæans--Measures against Timotheus--Death of Antiochus-- Embassy of the Hellenists to Antiochus V.--Battle at Bethzur-- Retreat of Judas--Affairs in Jerusalem--Alcimus--Intervention of the Romans--Nicanor's Interview with Judas--Battle of Adarsa--Death of Judas--Results of his Career--Condition of the People after the Death of Judas--The Chasidim, the Hellenists, and the Hasmonæans--Jonathan--His Guerilla Warfare against Bacchides--Death of the High-Priest Alcimus--Truce between Jonathan and Bacchides--Jonathan as High-Priest--His far-sighted Policy--His Captivity and his Death _page_ 471 165-143 B. C. E. CHAPTER XXIV. THE JUDÆANS IN ALEXANDRIA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF SIMON. The Judæan Colonies in Egypt and Cyrene--Internal Affairs of the Alexandrian Community--King Philometor favours the Judæans-- Onias and Dositheus--The Temple of Onias--Translation of the Pentateuch into Greek--Struggle between the Judæans and Samaritans in Alexandria--Affairs in Judæa--Independence of Judæa--Simon's League with the Romans--Overthrow of the Acra and of the Hellenists--Simon's Coinage--Quarrel between Simon and the Syrian King--Invasion by Cendebæus--Assassination of Simon _page_ 503 160-135 B. C. E. HISTORY OF THE JEWS CHAPTER I. THE EARLIEST PERIOD. The Original Inhabitants of Canaan--Gigantic Anakim and Rephaim--The Phœnicians--Israel's Claim to Canaan--The Patriarchs--Hereditary Law--Emigration to Egypt--Tribal Union--Bright and Dark Sides of the Egyptians--Moses, Aaron and Miriam--The Prophetic Sage--Call of Moses as Deliverer--Opposition--Exodus from Egypt--Passage of the Red Sea--Wanderings in the Desert--Revelation on Mount Sinai--The Decalogue--Relapse--Concessions--Crisis--Circuitous Wanderings--Victories over Populations of Canaan, on Trans-Jordanic Side--Commencements of Hebrew Poetry--Death of Moses.