=Bulls, papal=, by Benedict XIII, =4=, 215-16. Boniface IX, =4=, 173. Clement IV, =3=, 602. Clement VI, =4=, 103, 105, 173. Clement VII, =4=, 507, 515, 516. Clement VIII, =4=, 671. Eugenius III, =3=, 349-51. Eugenius IV, =4=, 229, 250, 251. Gregory IX, =3=, 564. Gregory X, =3=, 635. Innocent III, =3=, 497. Innocent IV, =3=, 584-5; =4=, 165. Julius III, =4=, 565. Martin V, =4=, 219-20, 226. Nicholas V, =4=, 253, 254, 256, 287. Paul III, =4=, 516, 522, 526. Paul IV, =4=, 566. Pius IV, =4=, 588, 589. Pius V, =4=, 591. Sixtus IV, =4=, 311, 319, 321, 322. Sixtus V, =4=, 655-6, 658. against the immigration of Jews in Palestine, =4=, 274. =Buol Schauenstein=, Count von, protects the Frankfort Jews, =5=, 530. =Burgos=, Kabbala taught in, =4=, 6. disputation at, =4=, 140. coronation of Juan I at, =4=, 156. =Burgos, the cortes of=, make the Jews responsible for the civil war, =4=, 124-5. oppose the employment of Jews, =4=, 229. =Burgos, the Jews of=, under Sancho, =3=, 617. taxed heavily, =4=, 123, 124. persecuted, =4=, 170. converted, =4=, 205. =Burgundians, the, the empire of, the Jews of=, not considered a distinct race, =3=, 35. occupations of, =3=, 35-6. discriminated against, =3=, 37. =Burgundy=, the Jews of, presented to the Church, =3=, 175. =Burnt-offerings=, Samuel on the importance of, =1=, 74. Jochanan ben Zakkai on, =2=, 324, 325. =Burrus=, Nero’s secretary, bribed to oppose the Judæans, =2=, 247. =Bury St. Edmunds=, the Jews of, butchered, =3=, 415. =Busche, Hermann von=, partisan of Reuchlin, =4=, 456. =Buxtorf, John=, senior (1564-1639), renders rabbinical studies accessible to Christians, =5=, 21. =Buxtorfs=, the, introduce rabbinical literature to Christians, =5=, 179. =Byk, Jacob Solomon=, Hebrew style of, =5=, 617. =Byron=, quoted, =4=, 127. =Byzantine emperors=, the, Jews under, =5=, 725-6. =Byzantine empire=, the, attacked by the Agadists, =3=, 16. in fear of the Chazars, =3=, 138. fall of, =4=, 267. toleration of, =4=, 285. =Byzantine empire, the, the Jews of=, under Arcadius, =2=, 615-16. forbidden to build synagogues, =2=, 617. treated with hostility, =3=, 10. forced into Christianity, =3=, 122-3. emigrate, =3=, 123-4. in the ninth century, =3=, 175-6. in the twelfth century, =3=, 424-8. not admitted to military offices, =3=, 425. brutal treatment of, =3=, 425. poets among, =3=, 426. =C= =Cabades.= _See_ Kobad. =Caballeria, Alfonso de=, Marrano, tries to suppress the Aragon Inquisition, =4=, 329. =Caballo, Jules=, founder of the “Alliance Israélite Universelle,” =5=, 701. =Cabiri=, the seven planets worshiped by the Canaanites, =1=, 54. =Cabrera=, governor of the castle of Segovia, =4=, 283.