History of the Ordinance of 1787 and the Old Northwest Territory: A Supplemental Text for School Use
History
History of the Ordinance of 1787 and the Old Northwest Territory: A Supplemental Text for School Use
Northwest, Old -- History; Northwest, Old -- History -- Bibliography; United States. Ordinance of 1787; United States. Ordinance of 1787 -- Bibliography
Varnum arrived with a company of 40 settlers on June 5. Among them were
James Owen and his wife, Mary Owen, the first woman who settled in the
community. The settlers were so industrious that by June 20, 132 acres
had been planted in corn in addition to large fields in potatoes, beans,
and other vegetables.
As soon as the pioneers had provided shelter for themselves, they
organized a temporary government to insure order and safety until the
arrival of the officers of the Northwest Territory. On June 13 at an
informal meeting of the directors and agents of the Ohio Company, it was
decided that the directors present should act as a board of police to
draw up a set of laws for the community. Colonel Return Jonathan Meigs
was appointed to administer them. At the first official meeting of the
directors the board of police was confirmed. The regulations provided for
cleanliness, health, decency, safety, and moral conduct. Military guard
was established. If any persons arrived who were not stockholders in the
Ohio Company, the board of police was empowered to decide whether or not
they should be permitted to stay. Settlers were required to carry arms
during their work in the fields. No one was allowed to trade with the
Indians without permission from the board or from Fort Harmar. Punishment
for violation of the laws was to consist of either labor for the public,
or expulsion. As evidence of the orderly conduct of the settlers it has
been pointed out that in three months there was only one difference,
and that was compromised. On July 4 the board of police nailed these
temporary laws to the smooth trunk of a large beech tree near the mouth
of the Muskingum.
On July 4 all work was suspended to celebrate the anniversary of the
Declaration of Independence. Since most of the settlers had served in
the Revolutionary Army, they observed the occasion with feelings of
intense patriotism. A federal salute of 13 guns from Fort Harmar opened
the celebration at dawn. At “The Point” on the east bank of the Muskingum
a table 60 feet long was spread with wild meat, fish, vegetables, grog,
punch, and wine. Harmar arrived with his lady and officers from the
fort at one o’clock. Varnum, one of the judges of the territory, then
delivered a flowery oration.
After the oration, the guests were twice driven from the table by
thunderstorms before they finally finished dinner. The patriotic event
continued with the drinking of the following toasts which illustrate the
topics of general interest of the time:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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