Thus the great affair was ended; the King of England was condemned. It was dark when the pope quitted the consistory; the news so long expected spread immediately through the city; the emperor’s partisans, transported with joy, lit bonfires in all the open places, and cannons fired repeated salvoes. Bands of Ghibelines paraded the streets, shouting, _Imperio e Espagna_ (the Empire and Spain). The whole city was in commotion. The pope’s disquietude was still further increased by these demonstrations. ‘He is tormented,’ wrote Du Bellay to his master. Clement spent the whole night in conversation with his theologians. ‘What must be done? England is lost to us. Oh! how can I avert the king’s anger?’ Clement VII. never recovered from this blow; the thought that under his pontificate Rome lost England made him shudder. The slightest mention of it renewed his anguish, and sorrow soon brought him to the tomb. Yet he did not know all. The evil with which Rome was threatened was greater than he had imagined. If in this matter there had been nothing more than the decision of a prince discontented with the court of Rome, a contrary decision of one of his successors might again place England under the dominion of the pontiffs; and these would be sure to spare no pains to recover the good graces of the English kings. But in despite of Henry VIII., a pure doctrine, similar to that of the apostolic times, was spreading over the different parts of the nation; a doctrine which was not only to wrest England from the pope, but to establish in that island a true Christianity—a vast evangelical propaganda which should plant the standard of God’s word even at the ends of the world. The empire of Christendom was thus to be taken from a church led astray by pride, and which bade mankind unite with it that they might be saved; and to be given to those who taught that, according to the divine declarations, none could be saved except by uniting with Jesus Christ. Footnote 366: _State Papers_ (Henry VIII.), t. vii. p. 526. Footnote 367: Burnet, _Records_, iii. p. 69. Footnote 368: _State Papers_, vol. vii. p. 526. Footnote 369: Le Grand, _Preuves_, p. 591. Footnote 370: ‘He eloquently declared our king’s message.’—Lord Herbert, _Life of Henry VIII._ p. 396, fol. Footnote 371: ‘That the emperor would be the executor.’—Ibid. p. 553. Footnote 372: For Cromwell’s early history, see the _History of the Reformation_, vol. v. bk. xx. ch. xiv. Footnote 373: Lord Cromwell to Parker. Footnote 374: ‘Not fit for any of the Peers to appear and answer at the bar of the House of Commons.’—Collyers, ii. p. 83. Footnote 375: Collyers, ii. p. 84. Footnote 376: ‘Neither the king, his successor, nor his subjects to apply to the see of Rome.’—Collyers, ii. p. 84. Footnote 377: Ibid. p. 85. Footnote 378: ‘Solum Romanum episcopum et fratrem, ut primis episcopis mos erat.’—Wilkins, _Concilia_, iii. p. 782. Footnote 379: