Hierarchy and Rationalism--Two Peasants' Sons--Eck and Luther begin--The Head of the Church--The Primacy of Rome--Equality of Bishops--Peter the Foundation--Christ the Foundation--Eck insinuates that Luther is a Hussite--Luther on the Doctrine of Huss--Agitation in the Audience--Pleasantry of Dr. Eck--The Word alone--The Court Fool--Luther at Mass--Saying of the Duke--Purgatory--Close of the Discussion. 33 CHAP. VI. Interest felt by the Laity--Luther's Opinion--Admissions and Boastings of Dr. Eck--Effects of the Discussion--Poliander-- Cellarius--The Young Prince of Anhalt--The Students of Leipsic-- Cruciger--Calling of Melancthon--Emancipation of Luther. 42 CHAP. VII. Eck attacks Melancthon--Melancthon's Defence--Interpretation of Scripture--Luther's Firmness--The Bohemian Brethren--Emser-- Staupitz. 47 CHAP. VIII. Epistle to the Galatians--Christ for us--Blindness of Luther's Adversaries--First Ideas on the Supper--Is the Sacrament Sufficient without Faith?--Luther a Bohemian--Eck Attacked--Eck sets out for Rome. 50 BOOK SIXTH. THE BULL OF ROME. 1520. CHAP. I. Character of Maximilian--The Competitors for the Empire-- Charles--Francis I--Inclination of the Germans--The Crown offered to Frederick--Charles is Elected. 55 CHAP. II. Luther writes to the Emperor--Luther's Dangers--Instructions of Frederick to the Court of Rome--Luther's Sentiments--Melancthon's Fears--The German Nobles favourable to the Reformation-- Schaumburg--Seckingen--Ulric de Hutten--Luther's Confidence-- Luther's Greater Freedom--Faith the Source of Works--What Faith gives--Luther Judging his own Writings. 59 CHAP. III. The Papacy Attacked--Appeal to the Nobility--The Three Walls--All Christians are Priests--The Magistrate's duty to Correct the Clergy--Abuses of Rome--Ruin of Italy--Dangers of Germany-- The Pope--The Legates--The Monks--The Marriage of Priests--Celibacy--Festivals--The Bohemians--Charity--The Universities--The Empire--The Emperor must retake Rome--A Book not Published--Luther's Modesty--Success of the Address. 65 CHAP. IV. Preparations at Rome--Motives to resist the Papacy--Eck at Rome-- Eck gains the Day--The Pope is the World--God produces the Separation--A Swiss Priest pleads for Luther--The Roman Consistory--Preamble of the Bull--Condemnation of Luther. 74 CHAP. V. Wittemberg--Melancthon--His Marriage--Catharine--Domestic Life--Beneficence--Good Humour--Christ and Antiquity--Labour-- Love of Letters--His Mother--Outbreak among the Students. 80 CHAP. VI.