Francis made Prisoner at Pavia--Reaction against the Reformation--Margaret's Anxiety for her Brother--Louisa consults the Sorbonne--Commission against the Heretics-- Briçonnet brought to Trial--Appeal to the Parliament--Fall-- Recantation--Lefevre accused--Condemnation and Flight--Lefevre at Strasburg--Louis Berquin imprisoned--Erasmus attacked-- Schuch at Nancy--His Martyrdom--Struggle with Caroli--Sorrow of Pavanne--His Martyrdom--A Christian Hermit--Concourse at Notre Dame 446 CHAPTER XV. A Student of Noyon--Character of young Calvin--Early Education--Consecrated to Theology--The Bishop gives him the Tonsure--He leaves Noyon on Account of the Plague--The two Calvins--Slanders--The Reformation creates new Languages-- Persecution and Terror--Toussaint put in Prison--The Persecution more furious--Death of Du Blet, Moulin, and Papillon--God saves the Church--Margaret's Project--Her Departure for Spain 473 HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION. BOOK IX. FIRST REFORMS. 1521 AND 1522. CHAPTER I. Progress of the Reformation--New Period--Usefulness of Luther's Captivity in the Wartburg--Agitation in Germany--Melancthon and Luther--Enthusiasm. [Sidenote: PROGRESS OF THE REFORMATION.] For four years an old doctrine had been again proclaimed in the Church. The great tidings of _salvation by grace_, published in earlier times in Asia, Greece, and Italy, by Paul and his brethren, and after many ages re-discovered in the Bible by a monk of Wittemberg, had resounded from the plains of Saxony as far as Rome, Paris, and London; and the lofty mountains of Switzerland had re-echoed its powerful accents. The springs of truth, of liberty, and of life, had been re-opened to the human race. Thither had the nations hastened in crowds, and drunk gladly; but those who had there so eagerly quenched their thirst, were unchanged in appearance. All within was new, and yet everything _without_ seemed to have remained the same.