Agriculture—Natural Products—Rice—Ginseng—Orchards—Plows—Reaping— Flax—Legislation—Agricultural Society organized by Simcoe—A Snuff Box—Fogies—Silver—Want of help—Midland District taking the lead—Societies—Legislative help—Prince Edward—Pearl Ashes— Factories—Tanneries—Breweries, Carding Machines—Paper—Lumber— First vehicles—Sleighs—Waggons—Home-made—Roads—First Public Conveyances—Stages—Fare—Building Greater—Sawing Mills introduced by the Dutch—First Brick Building—Myers’ House—Its past history— Furniture from Albany—Currency—Paper Money—Banks—First Merchants—Barter—Pedlars—On the Bay 587 CHAPTER LXVIII. Steam vessels—Crossing the Atlantic in 1791—First Steam Vessel— Hudson—The second on the St. Lawrence—First across the Atlantic— In Upper Canada—_Frontenac_—Built in Ernesttown—The Builders— Finkle’s Point—Cost of Vessel—Dimensions—Launched—First Trip— Captain McKenzie—‘_Walk-in-the-Water_’—_Queen Charlotte_—How Built—Upon Bay Quinté—Capt. Dennis—First year—Death of Dennis— Henry Gilderslieve—What he did—Other Steamboats—Canals—First in Upper Canada—Welland Canal—Desjardin—Rideau—Its object—Col. By—A proposed Canal—Railroads—The first in the world—Proposed Railway from Kingston to Toronto, 1846—In Prince Edward District— Increase of Population—Extract from Dr. Lillie—Comparison with the United States—Favorable to Canada—False Cries—The French— Midland District, 1818 599 DIVISION XII. THE UNITED EMPIRE LOYALISTS—THE FATHERS OF UPPER CANADA. CHAPTER LXIX. Definition—A division—Their principles—Our position—Ancestry— Dutch—Puritans—Huguenots—New Rochelle—English writers—Talbot— Falsehoods—Canadian and English ancestry—Howison—Maligner— Gourlay’s reply—Palatines—Old names 616 CHAPTER LXX. Character—Hospitality—At home—Fireside—Visitors—Bees—Raisings— Easter Eggs—Dancing—Hovington House—Caste—Drinks—Horse-racing— Boxing—Amusements—La Crosse—Duels—Patriotism—Annexation—Freedom— Egotism—The Loyalists—Instances—Longevity—Climate of Canada—A quotation—Long lived—The children—The present race—A nationality—Comparison—“U. E. Loyalist”—Their Privileges—Order of Council—Dissatisfaction 624 CHAPTER LXXI. Notice of a Few—Booth—Brock—Burritt—Cotter—Cartwright—Conger—Cole— Dempsey—Detlor—Fraser—Finkle—Fisher—Fairfield—Grass—Gamble— Hagerman—Johnson’s—“Bill” Johnson—Macaulay—The Captive, Christian Moore—Parliament—Morden—Roblins—Simon—Van Alstine— Wallbridge—Chrysler—White—Wilkins—Stewart—Wilson—Metcalf—Jayne— McIntosh—Bird—Gerow—Vankleek—Perry—Sir William Johnson’s children 642