Jacks, erroneous explanation name, 33; origin of name, 37, 40; why two used under James I., 75; regulations James I., 76; Charles I., 82; Commonwealth, 88; Charles II., 89; Anne, 118; present day, 264. Jack at bow, 37, 59, 85, 88, 89, 115. Jack of James I., created by rivalries, 70, 75; an "additional" Jack, 74, 80; proclamation, 75; Scots object, 78; used on all ships, 77; restricted to King's ships, 82; abolished, 86; restored, 89; not a national Jack, 76, 183; not a Union Jack, 76, 80, 183; never placed in ensign, 100, 126; Glory Roll, 79; carried on _Mayflower_, 158; abolished in New England, 161. Jack staff, reason for name, 37. Jacques, surcoats, 33; by whom worn, 34, 36. James I. changes royal standard, 72; creates Jack, 74; urges union, 73; consents to repatriation of Puritans, 156. Joan of Arc, banner, 25. K King of Seas, Edward III., 58. King's colours, 38, 160. Knights, jacques worn, 34. L Labarum, Roman emperors, 142. Lake George, name changed, 170. Le Moine, Sir James, 28. Lion of Scotland in royal arms, 72. Lord High Admiral, flag of, 99. Lord of Oceans, title, 57; of Seas, 58. Louisbourg medal, Jack on, 165. M Mackinac, fort taken, 237. Maltese Cross, 45. Mansfield, decision slavery, 244. Maple leaf in governors' flags, 260; emblem of Canada, 295. Massachusetts ensign, 166; Jack authorized, 226, 280. _Mayflower_, flags carried by Pilgrims, 157. Medals, 98, 168, 299. Merchant navy, first developed, 55; distant voyages, 58, 103; uses King's Jack, 89; wins trade, 114; accorded red ensign, 116, 123, 278. Monson, Sir William, 78, 104, 105. N Nantucket, Gosnold at, 153. Napoleon I., flag, 22, 26. _Naseby_, 88, 98, 115. National flags, origins, 21; signal changes, 31; Germany, 22; Italy, 23; Greece, 24; France, 24, 29; Hawaii, 29; Russia, 70; Thirteen Colonies, 174; United States, 97, 180; evolution British, 100, 182, 188, 269, 280; colonies, 280; Dominions, 289. Navigation Act, Commonwealth, 107. Navy, English, first collected, 54; constructed, 59; weakened, 105; defeated, 106; wins command, 115; Scottish, always small, 66; defies English, 68. Nelson, 131; signal, 212; white ensign, 276. New England, controversies respecting cross, 162; ensign, 166; at Quebec, 166; Lake George, 170; Bunker Hill, 174. New South Wales, emblem, 283. New York taken, 112; exchanged, 113; retaken, 113. Nineveh, emblems found, 15. Normans, ancestors Canadians, 189. O Orders of Knighthood, 43, 50, 70, 77, 149. Oriflamme, St. Denis, 25. P