CHAPTER XIV. THE UNITED STATES IN THE ORIENT--PHILIPPINES AND FILIPINOS. Area of the Philippines.—The Native Tribes.—Population.—Education Under Spanish Rule.—Filipinos.—Iocoros.—Igorrotes.—Ilocoans.— Moros.—Spain as a Colonist.—Religious Orders.—Secret Leagues.—Spain and the Filipinos.—Emilio Aguinaldo.—The Philippines in the Treaty of Paris.—Senate Resolution. CHAPTER XV. THE UNITED STATES IN THE ORIENT.--WAR.--CONTROVERSY.--PEACE. Filipinos’ Foothold in Philippines.—Attitude Toward Filipinos.—President Orders Government Extended Over Archipelago.—American Rule Awakens Hostility.—First Philippine Commission.—Philippine Congress Votes for Peace.—Revolution.—Treachery of Filipinos.—General Frederick Funston Captures Aguinaldo.—Aguinaldo Swears Allegiance to the United States.—The Constitution and the Philippines.—United States Supreme Court Decisions.—Tariff.—Anti-Imperialism.—Second Commission.—Civil Government Inaugurated.—Educational Reforms. CHAPTER XVI. POLITICS AT THE TURNING OF THE CENTURY. Candidates for President in 1900.—McKinley Renominated.—Bryan Nominated.—Gold Democrats.—Fusion.—Populists.—Silver Republicans.—Anti-Imperialism.—Tariff for Colonies.—Porto Rico Tariff.—President McKinley’s Opposition to Bill.—Campaign Issues.—Boer War.—Trusts.—Democratic Defeat.—Coal Strike.—Reasons for Democratic Defeat.—Mr. Bryan Insists on Silver Issue.—Monetary System on a Gold Basis.—Result of Election. CHAPTER XVII. THE TWELFTH CENSUS Permanent Census Bureau.—Alaska Census.—Method of Taking Census.—Two Thousand Employees.—Population of United States.—Nevada Loses in Population.—Urban Increase.—Greater New York.—Cities of More than a Million Inhabitants.—Loss in Rural Population.—Centre of Population.—Proportion of Males to Females.—Foreign Born Population.—Character of Immigration.—Chinese.—Congressional Apportionment.—Farms.—Crops.—Manufacturing Capital Invested.—Foreign Commerce.—Revenues.—War Taxes Repealed.—National Debt. CHAPTER XVIII. THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION, 1901 The Opening.—Triumphal Bridge.—Electric Tower.—Temple of Music.—Architecture.—Coloring of the “Rainbow City.”—Symbolism of Coloring.—Sculpture.—Electrical Illumination.—The Chaining of Niagara.—The Midway.—The Athletic Congress.—Conservatory.—The Spanish-American Countries Represented.—United States Government Building. CHAPTER XIX. MR. McKINLEY'S END President McKinley’s Address at the Pan-American Exposition.—The President Shot.—His Illness and Death.—The Funeral Ceremony.—In Washington.—At Canton.—Commemorative Services.—Mr. McKinley’s Career.—Political Insight.—Americanism.—His Administration as President.—Leon Czolgosz, the Murderer of President McKinley.—Anarchists.—Anti-Anarchist Law.—Vice-President Theodore Roosevelt Succeeds to the—Presidency. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PRESIDENT WILLIAM MCKINLEY. (From a copyright photograph, 1899, by Pach Bros., New York). A NEW YORK POLLING PLACE, SHOWING BOOTHS ON THE LEFT. BENJAMIN R. TILLMAN.