Submission of the Churches of Lombardy to Rome--The Old Faith maintained in the Mountains--The Waldensian Churches--Question of their Antiquity--Approach to their Mountains--Arrangement of their Valleys--Picture of blended Beauty and Grandeur 1 CHAPTER II. THE WALDENSES--THEIR MISSIONS AND MARTYRDOMS. Their Synod and College--Their Theological Tenets--Romaunt Version of the New Testament--The Constitution of their Church--Their Missionary Labours--Wide Diffusion of their Tenets--The Stone Smiting the Image 10 CHAPTER III. FIRST PERSECUTIONS OF THE WALDENSES. Their Unique Position in Christendom--Their Twofold Testimony--They Witness against Rome and for Protestantism-- Hated by Rome--The Cottian Alps--Albigenses and Waldenses-- The Waldensian Territory Proper--Papal Testimony to the Flourishing State of their Church in the Fourteenth Century--Early Bulls against them--Tragedy of Christmas, 1400--Constancy of the Waldenses--Crusade of Pope Innocent VIII.--His Bull of 1487--The Army Assembles--Two Frightful Tempests approach the Valleys 19 CHAPTER IV. CATANEO’S EXPEDITION (1488) AGAINST THE DAUPHINESE AND PIEDMONTESE CONFESSORS. The Confessors of the Dauphinese Alps--Attacked--Flee to Mont Pelvoux--Retreat into a Cave--Are Suffocated--French Crusaders Cross the Alps--Enter the Valley of Pragelas-- Piedmontese Army Advances against La Torre--Deputation of Waldensian Patriarchs--The Valley of Lucerna--Villaro-- Bobbio--Cataneo’s Plan of Campaign--His Soldiers Cross the Col Julien--Grandeurs of the Pass--Valley of Prali--Defeat of Cataneo’s Expedition 31 CHAPTER V. FAILURE OF CATANEO’S EXPEDITION. The Valley of Angrogna--An Alternative--The Waldenses Prepare for Battle--Cataneo’s Repulse--His Rage--He Renews the Attempt--Enters Angrogna with his Army--Advances to the Barrier--Enters the Chasm--The Waldenses on the point of being Cut to Pieces--The Mountain Mist--Deliverance--Utter Rout of the Papal Army--Pool of Saquet--Sufferings of the Waldenses--Extinction of the Invading Host--Deputation to their Prince--Vaudois Children--Peace 43 CHAPTER VI. SYNOD IN THE WALDENSIAN VALLEYS.