Portuguese take Abrantes--Generals Ackland and Anstruther land and join the British army at Vimiero--Sir Harry Burrard arrives--Battle of Vimiero--Junot defeated--Sir Hew Dalrymple arrives--Armistice--Terms of it--Junot returns to Lisbon--Negotiates for a convention--Sir John Moore’s troops land--State of the public mind in Lisbon--The Russian admiral negotiates separately--Convention concluded--the Russian fleet surrenders upon terms--Conduct of the people at Lisbon--The Monteiro Mor requires sir Charles Cotton to interrupt the execution of the convention--Sir John Hope appointed commandant of Lisbon; represses all disorders--Disputes between the French and English commissioners--Reflections thereupon 207 CHAPTER VI. The bishop and junta of Oporto aim at the supreme power; wish to establish the seat of government at Oporto; their intrigues; strange proceedings of general Decken; reflections thereupon--Clamour raised against the convention in England and in Portugal; soon ceases in Portugal--The Spanish general Galluzzo refuses to acknowledge the convention; invests fort Lalippe; his proceedings absurd and unjustifiable--Sir John Hope marches against him; he alters his conduct--Garrison of Lalippe--March to Lisbon--Embarked--Garrison of Almeida; march to Oporto; attacked and plundered by the Portuguese--Sir Hew Dalrymple and sir Harry Burrard recalled to England--Vile conduct of the daily press--Violence of public feeling--Convention, improperly called, of Cintra--Observations--On the action of Roriça--On the battle of Vimiero--On the convention 236 BOOK III. CHAPTER I. Comparison between the Portuguese and Spanish people--The general opinion of French weakness and Spanish strength and energy, fallacious--Contracted policy of the English cabinet--Account of the civil and military agents employed--Many of them act without judgment--Mischievous effects thereof--Operations of the Spanish armies after the battle of Baylen--Murcian army arrives at Madrid--Valencian army marches to the relief of Zaragoza--General Verdier raises the siege--Castaños enters Madrid--Contumacious conduct of Galluzzo--Disputes between Blake and Cuesta--Dilatory conduct of the Spaniards--Sagacious observation of Napoleon--Insurrection at Bilbao; quelled by general Merlin--French corps approaches Zaragoza--Palafox alarmed, threatens the council of Castille--Council of war held at Madrid--Plan of operations--Castaños unable to march from want of money--Bad conduct of the junta of Seville--Vigorous conduct of major Cox--Want of arms--Extravagant project to procure them 269 CHAPTER II.