History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 3Napier, William Francis Patrick
History
History of the war in the Peninsula and in the south of France from the year 1807 to the year 1814, vol. 3
Napier, William Francis Patrick
Peninsular War, 1807-1814
Joseph passed the night of the 18th in reorganizing his forces. The
whole of the cavalry, consisting of nine regiments, was given to
Sebastiani. Four divisions of infantry, with the exception of one
regiment, left at Aranjuez to guard the bridge, were placed under the
command of marshal Mortier, who was also empowered, if necessary,
to direct the movements of the cavalry. The artillery was commanded
by general Senarmont. The Royal Guards remained with the King, and
marshal Soult directed the whole of the movements.
Before day-break, on the 19th, the monarch marched with the intention
of falling upon the Spaniards wherever he could meet with them. At
Antiguela his troops quitting the high road, turned to their left,
gained the table-land of Ocaña somewhat beyond the centre of the
Spanish position, and discovered Areizaga’s army in order of battle.
The French cavalry instantly forming to the front, covered the
advance of the infantry, which drew up in successive lines as the
divisions arrived on the plain. The Spanish outposts fell back, and
were followed by the French skirmishers, who spread along the hostile
front and opened a sharp fire.
About forty-five thousand Spanish infantry, seven thousand cavalry,
and sixty pieces of artillery were in line. The French force was only
twenty-four thousand infantry, five thousand sabres and lances, and
fifty guns, including the battery of the Royal Guard. But Areizaga’s
position was miserably defective. The whole of his left wing, fifteen
thousand strong, was paralized by the ravine; it could neither attack
nor be attacked: the centre was scarcely better situated, and the
extremity of his right wing was uncovered, save by the horse, who
were, although superior in number, quite dispirited by the action of
the preceding evening. These circumstances dictated the order of the
attack.
BATTLE OF OCAÑA.
At ten o’clock, Sebastiani’s cavalry gaining ground to his left,
turned the Spanish right. General Leval, with two divisions of
infantry in columns of regiments, each having a battalion displayed
in front, followed the cavalry, and drove general Zayas from the
olive-woods. General Girard, with his division arranged in the same
manner, followed Leval in second line; and at the same moment,
general Dessolles menaced the centre with one portion of his troops,
while another portion lined the edge of the ravine to support the
skirmishers and awe the Spanish left wing. The king remained in
reserve with his guards. Thus the French order of battle was in two
columns: the principal one, flanked by the cavalry, directed against
and turning the Spanish right, the second keeping the Spanish centre
in check; and each being supported by reserves.
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