“The question of their National Restoration is one of blood and not of creed, of race and not of conversion, of nationality which might include as many sects as in the days of Christ. One only question can be demanded by the hallowed soil of that country, and by the Providence of God――_Are you a Jew?_ In this sense the twelve Apostles were Jews, and if now on earth their title to their land is as clear, undoubted, and equitable as that of Nehemiah or any modern Jew. The Christian creed does not make any of that nation less a Jew and a descendant of Abraham.... The question of Jewish nationality, and consequently of restoration, is not one of creed but of race, and as such it should be kept before the mind. The isolation of the Jew would be as great, if all were Christians, as at present. His separation from amongst the nations has been pronounced by that omnipotent word, whose truth and will in effecting its purposes are only equalled by the unalterable character of the Divine nature. They shall dwell alone. They are not amalgamated with the nations. In their final return, a peculiarity of religious rites and laws will keep them apart from other people. Once a Jew, he is always a Jew, whatever may be his creed” (Rev. A. G. H. Hollingsworth, Remarks, _etc._, London, 1852, _p._ 21). This is more than the religious idea of the _Z’chuth Aboth_ (Merits of the Fathers); it is, though mixed up with _Cabbalistic_ notions, an ethnological conception――the real basis of the modern Jewish national idea.