A defect in either of these two conditions naturally renders a marriage void, for it cannot then be recognised as a lawful union. But a marriage may subsequently to its registration be annulled in various ways. Such annulment is not, however, a divorce, because the marriage was not complete and cannot be said to have been consummated. In the first place, the parties must be of the legal age for marriage, which is for the male seventeen years and fifteen for the female. This is a great advance on the old limit which was fourteen years for the male and twelve for the female. The right of annulling a marriage in which either party is under the legal age expires in three months after the marriage or when the age-limit is reached. Marriages contracted by force or fraud may be annulled upon application by the victim. The application must be made to a court of justice within three months after the discovery of the fraud or removal of the force; the right of application is forfeited by condonation. A marriage is naturally invalidated by a previous marriage; the right of application for its annulment is vested in the aggrieved party, the head of that party’s family, the relatives, and the public procurator, and also in the first wife or husband; and as bigamy is a criminal offence, there is no time-limit for the application. One who has been judicially divorced for adultery cannot marry the other party to the offence; that is, marriage is forbidden between the respondent and the co-respondent. It may appear somewhat unjust that a man whose conduct has led to the divorce of a married woman should be disqualified from making to her the only reparation in his power for her loss of home and honour; but the idea is, as in the Scots law, that the ability to marry each other would rather encourage such illicit connections and make the offenders brave the ignominy of judicial divorce for the prospective pleasure of a lawful union. The prohibition is therefore intended to be a deterrent against infidelity. Marriage is also forbidden between ascendants and descendants in the direct line and between those down to the third degree of consanguinity in the collateral line, that is, it is prohibited with one’s parents, grand-parents, children, and grandchildren, and between brother and sister, uncle and niece, and aunt and nephew, but permitted between cousins-german and more distant blood-relations. It is also prohibited between similar relations of affinity in the direct line, but not between those in the collateral line, so that while one cannot marry a parent or a child of one’s deceased spouse, there is no impediment to a marriage with the deceased wife’s sister or the deceased husband’s brother, or their uncle, aunt, nephew, or niece.