Homo-Culture; Or, The Improvement of Offspring Through Wiser GenerationHolbrook, M. L. (Martin Luther)
Philosophy
Homo-Culture; Or, The Improvement of Offspring Through Wiser Generation
Holbrook, M. L. (Martin Luther)
Eugenics; Heredity
In a subsequent article, published in _The Contemporary Review_ for
October, 1894, Mr. Spencer recapitulates his argument in favor of the
transmission of acquired characters, and refers to observations made by
Professor Hertwig and others, which he regards as "showing, firstly,
that all the multiplying cells of the developing embryo are alike; and,
secondly, that the soma-cells of the adult severally retain, in a latent
form, all the powers of the original embryo-cell," facts which he
rightly considers disproves Weismann's hypothesis of _panmixia_. If this
is surrendered, then, says Mr. Spencer, "all that evidence collected by
Mr. Darwin and others, regarded by them as proof of the inheritance of
acquired characters, which was cavalierly set aside on the strength of
this alleged process of panmixia is reinstated. And this reinstated
evidence, joined with much evidence since furnished, suffices to
establish the repudiated interpretation."
Great stress was laid by Professor Weismann, as evidence in support of
his theory, on the supposed fact that the inheritance of injuries
sustained during life has not been proved. Particular attention has been
paid to this point by Dr. Eimer, in relation to which he remarks: "That
injuries incurred during life are but seldom transmitted to the
offspring does not appear to me wonderful: the inheritance of the
complete form and complete activities of the organism, which took root
such enormously long periods of time ago, and has been strengthened at
each generation, will, as a rule, counterbalance in the offspring any
such injuries incurred only once and not repeated."[79:A] This is the
same argument as was used, as quoted above, by Professor Cope, to
disprove the occurrence of birthmarks, and Dr. Eimer goes on to state
that there are injuries which are not transmitted to offspring, although
they are constantly repeated, as an instance of which he refers to the
rupture of the hymen. He adds, however: "In such cases we must presume a
specially effective power of correlative activity, directed to the part
affected and residing in the whole organism--the same compensating power
which leads in lower animals, during the life of the individual, to the
regeneration of parts which have been lost or artificially removed. But
these cases do not prove the general proposition that injuries are not
inherited; they do not prove that even injuries which have been
repeated during a considerable period are not inherited. Hitherto little
importance has been attached to the demonstration of the inheritance of
injuries. Yet single cases of the inheritance of injuries only once
incurred seem to me to be thoroughly authentic."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account