[72:A] "Organic Evolution." Translated by J. T. Cunningham, M. A. (London, Macmillan & Co., 1890.) Page 86. [73:A] "Examination of Weismannism." The Open Court Publishing Co., Chicago. 1893. [77:A] _The Contemporary Review_, September, 1893. [79:A] "Organic Evolution." Translated by J. T. Cunningham, M. A. Page 13. [80:A] "Organic Evolution," page 176. [84:A] "Organic Evolution," page 211. [84:B] Op. cit., page 201. [85:A] "Examination of Weismannism," page 77. [87:A] "Examination of Weismannism," page 22. [89:A] "Examination of Weismannism," page 79. [91:A] "Organic Evolution," page 187. HEREDITY AND EDUCATION. _A Lecture delivered before the Brooklyn Ethical Association._ In presenting the subject of heredity and its relation to education, it seems to me best to consider first what is meant by the term, and after this the views held on the subject by our leading evolutionists, when its relation to education will be easier and, I hope, more satisfactory. In common parlance, heredity is the transmission of any trait or peculiarity from the parent to the offspring, as the color of the hair, the form of the nose, the tones of the voice; or any disease, or any special character that may exist in either parent. If a horse has a star on its forehead like one of its ancestors, we say it is due to heredity. If an ox has color marks on its body like its parent, it is a case of heredity. If a human being has a disease which his ancestors had, very often he declares he inherited it from them, even if it be only a common catarrh. But this is a narrow view of the subject, and does not include all that a biologist means when he uses this word. By heredity he understands the production from a fertilized ovum of an individual, with all the general characteristics of structure and function of body and brain of the species to which it belongs. It means that the offspring, however much they may vary in general characters, will always be of the same species as the parents. The offspring of dogs will be dogs; of wolves, wolves; of negroes, negroes, and of white men, white men. Anything less is not heredity in its full sense.