Horse-hoeing husbandry : $b or, an essay on the principles of vegetation and tillage. Designed to introduce a new method of culture; whereby the produce of land will be increased, and the usual expence lessened. Together with accurate descriptions and cuts of the instruments employed in it.Tull, Jethro
Science
Horse-hoeing husbandry : $b or, an essay on the principles of vegetation and tillage. Designed to introduce a new method of culture; whereby the produce of land will be increased, and the usual expence lessened. Together with accurate descriptions and cuts of the instruments employed in it.
Tull, Jethro
Agriculture -- Early works to 1800; Plows; Tillage
I esteem St. Foin to be much more profitable than Clover, because St.
Foin is never known to do any perceivable Damage to the Corn amongst
which ’tis planted; but Clover often spoils a Crop of Barley[190]; and
I have known, that the Crop of Barley has been valued to have suffer’d
Four Pounds _per_ Acre Damage by a Crop of broad Clover’s growing in it
in a wet Summer: In a dry Summer both Sorts of Clover are apt to miss
growing; and if it does grow, and the next Summer (wherein it ought
to be a Crop) prove very dry, it fails on most sorts of Land, tho’ it
was vigorous enough to spoil the Barley the Year it was sown; at best,
’tis of but very short Duration, and therefore is not to be depended
on by the Farmer, for maintaining his Cattle, which the broad Clover
will also kill, sometimes by causing them to swell, unless great Care
be taken to prevent it. The broad Clover is esteem’d a foul Feed for
Horses. The Hop Clover is gone out of the Ground sooner than the broad
Clover; I never knew it cut more than once: Indeed Cattle are never
swollen by feeding on it; but then it affords but very little Feeding
for them, except the Land whereon it grows be very rich.
[190] But this Damage may be prevented by drilling the Clover after
the Barley is an Handful high or more; for then the Barley will keep
it under, and not suffer it to grow to any considerable Bigness till
after Harvest; nor will this Drill, being drawn by Hand, do any
Damage to the Barley.
St. Foin is observ’d to enrich whatever Ground ’tis planted on, tho’ a
Crop be taken off it yearly.
Poor Slate Land[191], when it has borne sown St. Foin for Six or Seven
Years, being plow’d up, and well till’d, produces Three Crops of Corn;
and then they sow it with St. Foin again.
[191] The Poverty of this sort of Land, lying upon Slate or Stone,
generally proceeds from the Thinness of it; and, if it were thicker,
it would be good Land: Much of this Earth, being dispersed among the
Crannies or Interstices of the Slate and Stone to a great Depth, is
reach’d by the Tap-roots of the St. Foin, but cannot be reach’d by
the Roots of Corn; and therefore, when constantly kept in Tillage, is
of small Value: Upon which Account such Land is greatly improveable
by St. Foin, even when sown in the common manner.
Rich arable Land was planted with it, and mow’d annually with very
great Crops (’twas drill’d in Nine-inch Rows, with Six Gallons of Seed
to an Acre; One Crop of it was sold at Four Pounds _per_ Acre): This,
after about Seven Years, and in full Perfection, was plow’d up by a
Tenant, and continued for many Years after so rich, that, instead of
dunging or fallowing it for Wheat, they were forc’d to sow that upon
Barley-stubble, and to feed the Wheat with Sheep in the Spring, to
prevent its being too luxuriant.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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