Horse-hoeing husbandry : $b or, an essay on the principles of vegetation and tillage. Designed to introduce a new method of culture; whereby the produce of land will be increased, and the usual expence lessened. Together with accurate descriptions and cuts of the instruments employed in it.Tull, Jethro
Science
Horse-hoeing husbandry : $b or, an essay on the principles of vegetation and tillage. Designed to introduce a new method of culture; whereby the produce of land will be increased, and the usual expence lessened. Together with accurate descriptions and cuts of the instruments employed in it.
Tull, Jethro
Agriculture -- Early works to 1800; Plows; Tillage
And I am apt to think, that this Sort of Light-land acquires more
Cement, by having its _external_ Superficies often changed, and
exposed to the Dews, and other Benefits of the Atmosphere, as well as
by the Increase of (its _internal_ Superficies, which is the Surfaces
of all the divided Parts of Earth, or) the Pasture of Plants; the one
being augmented by the other; _i. e._, that into the more Parts the
Earth is broken, the more Cement will it attain, from the Sulphur,
which is brought by the Dews.
Artificial Pores cannot be too small, because Roots may the more
easily enter the Soil that has them, quite contrary to natural Pores;
for these may be, and generally are, too small, and too hard for the
Entrance of all weak Roots, and for the free Entrance of strong Roots.
Insufficient Tillage leaves strong Land with its natural Pores too
small, and its artificial ones too large. It leaves Light-land, with
its natural and artificial Pores both too large.
Pores that are too small in hard Ground, will not easily permit Roots
to enter them.
Pores that are too large in any Sort of Land, can be of little other
Use to Roots, but only to give them Passage to other Cavities more
proper for them; and if in any Place they lie open to the Air, they are
dry’d up, and spoil’d, before they reach them.
For fibrous Roots (which alone maintain the Plant; the other Roots
serve for receiving the Chyle from them, and convey it to the Stem) can
take in no Nourishment from any Cavity, unless they come into Contact
with[26], and press against, all the Superficies of that Cavity, which
includes them; for it dispenses the Food to their Lacteals by such
Pressure only: But a fibrous Root is not so press’d by the Superficies
of a Cavity whose Diameter is greater than that of the Root.
[26] Roots cannot have any Nourishment from Cavities of the Earth
that are too large to press against them, except what Water, when
’tis in great Quantity, brings to them, which is imbibed by the
gentle Pressure of the Water; but when the Water is gone, those large
Cavities being empty, the Pressure ceases; and this is the Reason,
that when Land has few other but such large Cavities, the Plants in
it always suffer more by dry Weather, than in Land which by Dung or
Tillage has more minute and fewer large Cavities.
There may be some Moisture on the Superficies of large Cavities; but
without Pressure the fibrous Roots cannot reach it; and very little
or no Pressure can be made to one Part of the Root’s Superficies,
unless the Whole that is included be pressed.
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