The distinction between some of these classes was probably somewhat
slight. The palfrey was the animal used for daily riding for pleasure
or travel by persons of the upper ranks of life, and was essentially
the lady's mount, though knights habitually rode palfreys or hackneys
on the march, while circumstances allowed them to put off for the time
their armour. The weight of this, with the discomfort of wearing it in
the cold of winter and heat of summer, furnished sufficient reason for
the knights to don their mail only when actually going into action, or
on occasions of ceremony.
"Hengests and somers" were probably used for very similar purposes,
as more than once we find them coupled thus: these were the baggage
or transport animals, and were doubtless of no great value. "Courser"
is a term somewhat loosely used in the old records; it is applied
indifferently to the war horse, to the horse used in hunting, and
for daily road work, but generally in a sense that suggests speed.
"Trotters," we must assume, were horses that were not taught to amble;
and the name was distinctive at a period when all horses used for
saddle by the better classes were taught that gait. Edward III.'s
Wardrobe Accounts mention payment for _trammels_, the appliances, it is
supposed, used for this purpose, and at a much later date in another
Royal Account Book, we find an item "To making an horse to amble, 2
marks (13s. 4d.)." The amble was a peculiarly easy and comfortable
pace which would strongly commend itself to riders on a long journey.
Hobbies were Irish horses, small but active and enduring; genets were
Spanish horses nearly allied to, if not practically identical with,
the barbs introduced into Spain by the Moors. The animal described as a
"nag" was probably the saddle-horse used by servants and camp followers.
RICHARD II. (1377-1399).
Richard II. was fond of horses and did not neglect the interests of
breeding; though he on one occasion displayed his regard in a fashion
which to modern minds is at least high-handed. There was a scarcity of
horses in the early years of his reign, and prices rose in conformity
with the law of supply and demand. Richard, considering only the needs
of his knights, issued a proclamation (1386) forbidding breeders to ask
the high prices they were demanding. This proclamation was published in
Lincolnshire, Cambridgeshire and Yorkshire.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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