How to live: A manual of hygiene for use in the schools of the Philippine islandsKnapp, Adeline
Science
How to live: A manual of hygiene for use in the schools of the Philippine islands
Knapp, Adeline
Hygiene -- Popular works
All the food that cannot be dissolved is indigestible, and the body must
get rid of it. Some of it passes off as solid matter, by way of the
bowels; some is got rid of through the urine; some goes out with the
breath, as we have seen; and a great deal goes off in the perspiration.
This is why we need to bathe our bodies and to wash our clothing. The
perspiration brings the bad matter to the surface, where it clings to
the skin and the clothing until it is removed by washing.
But this series of boxes, which we call the head and trunk of the body,
would be very helpless without the legs and arms to carry them about and
to wait upon them. Taken all together, the head, trunk, and limbs form
the body. The framework, which we call the skeleton, is made up of
bones. These bones are like the framework of a house,—they keep the body
upright and support the muscles. In young people the bones are soft and
elastic. A baby often has falls that would break the bones of a grown
person, but the baby’s bones are not broken because they are not yet
hardened. This is an advantage, for children get a great many more falls
than grown people do, and it would be hard for them if the bones were
broken as easily.
But if children’s bones do not break, they bend, and it is easy for them
to grow into bad shape. If children do not sit up straight they become
round-shouldered, and many children get into the habit of carrying one
shoulder higher than the other. Often, too, they are careless about
walking and sitting properly.
[Illustration:
THE WRONG WAY TO CARRY A BABY.
]
In this country, where nearly all weights are carried on the head, we
rarely see a man who does not carry his head and shoulders well. He
learns in childhood to keep his shoulders even and to hold his head up.
But there is one custom of the country which prevents the people from
walking well. This is the practice of carrying little children on the
hip. It is bad for the children, as it strains the muscles of the lower
part of the back, and bends the soft little bones so that they do not
grow straight as they naturally would. It is bad, too, for the person
who carries the child. The body is thrown to one side, the weight of the
child presses the soft organs of the abdomen downward, and the effect is
often serious. It is very bad indeed for one child to carry another this
way. Babies should be carried in the arms, as European children are.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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