The general scheme of classification of the various mental "faculties" of the phrenologists, and the names given thereto by the old phrenologists, have in the main been adhered to in this book. In a number of cases, however, we have seen fit to re-arrange the groups in accordance with the later ideas of the New Psychology, and have given to some of the "faculties" names considered more appropriate to the later classification, and understanding of the mental state. Moreover, in order to avoid the phrenological theories attaching thereto, we have decided not to use the terms, "faculties," "propensities," and "sentiments," in referring to the several mental states; and shall therefore use the term "_Qualities_" in the place thereof. The term "quality," while denoting "the condition of being such or such; nature relatively considered," does not carry with it the theory attached to the phrenological term "faculty." But the _locality_ of the several qualities of "faculties" has not been disturbed or changed--the _place_ where each quality _manifests in outer form_, as assigned in this book, agrees with that assigned by the old phrenologists, time having served to establish the truth of the same, rather than to disprove it. The following is the classification and terminology adopted by us in this book in the consideration of the Mental Qualities. (See Fig. 1.) I. THE EGOISTIC QUALITIES: Self-Esteem; and Approbativeness. II. THE MOTIVE QUALITIES: Combativeness; Destructiveness; Cunning; Cautiousness; Acquisitiveness; and Constructiveness. III. THE VITATIVE QUALITIES: Vitativeness; Alimentativeness; and Bibativeness. IV. THE EMOTIVE QUALITIES: Amativeness; Conjugality; Parental Love; Sociability and Home-Love. V. THE APPLICATIVE QUALITIES: Firmness; and Continuity. VI. THE MODIFICATIVE QUALITIES: Ideality; Infinity; and Humor. VII. THE RELATIVE QUALITIES: Human Nature; Suavity; Sympathy; and Imitation. VIII. THE PERCEPTIVE QUALITIES: Observation; Form; Size; Weight; Color; Order; Calculation; Tune; Time; Locality; Eventuality; and Words. IX. THE REFLECTIVE QUALITIES: Analysis; and Logic. X. THE RELIGIO-MORAL QUALITIES: Reverence; Mysticism; Optimism; and Conscientiousness. In the following several chapters we shall consider each group, in turn, together with the particular Qualities of each group. _It must be remembered that the power of each Quality is modified by the influence of the other Qualities. Therefore in judging the character of an individual, each and every Quality must be taken into consideration._ CHAPTER VI THE EGOISTIC QUALITIES