=Sammichele.=--Since Michele Sammichele (1484-1559) designed the =Gvimane Palace= in Venice, considered his masterpiece, and was also employed by the Signoria to construct the fortifications of the Lido, he may be mentioned here, but his chief work is associated with Verona. Born near the latter city, in the village of San Michele, the son of an architect, he was sent as a youth to Rome to study Classic sculpture and architecture. Among his earliest works is the uncompleted =Cathedral of Montefiascone=. His fame as a military architect was established when he remodelled the fortifications of Verona, introducing the new system of corner bastions and giving grandeur to the gateways by the use of rusticated masonry--a feature which he used effectively in his palace designs. The finest of these in his native city are the =Canossa=, =Bevilacqua=, and =Pompeii Palaces=. He wrote a work on “The Five Orders of Architecture.” =Scamozzi.=--Scamozzi has already been mentioned as adding the façade to Palladio’s =Church of S. Giorgio Maggiore=. That his name disappears from Venetian architecture is due to the fact that he was one of the Italian artists who carried the Renaissance into Bohemia, and designed parts of the Hradschin palace in Prague. =Longhena.=--One exception to the excessive mannerism of the Baroque, which characterised the Venetian style of the seventeenth century, is found in the designs of Baldassare Longhena. These include the palaces =Pesaro= and =Rezzonico= and the church of =S. Maria della Salute=. The palaces are overcharged with ornament, especially with sculptured figures, yet as a whole they are dignified, with the imposing character due to bold, rich contrasts of light and shade that recall the example of Sansovino. S. Maria is built on the plan of a Greek cross, with a central dome, rising above an octagonal drum that is supported by curving buttresses. A secondary dome surmounts the chancel, while adjoining it is a campanile. Situated at the entrance to the Grand Canal, the whole mass, especially when viewed from a distance that reduces the disturbance of the statue-ornaments, presents a mingling of picturesqueness and stateliness that makes it one of the most beautiful features of the city. * * * * * To the latter part of the sixteenth century belong a number of imposing palaces, erected in Genoa by the commercial princes, many of which were designed by =Galeazzo Alessi= (1502-1572). They include the =Balbi=, =Brignole=, =Durazzo=, =Doria-Tursi=, and =Pallavacini=. [Illustration: RICCARDI PALACE, FLORENCE BUILT FOR COSIMO I DE’ MEDICI, BY MICHELOZZO. EARLY RENAISSANCE. P. 358] [Illustration: PALAZZO VECCHIO OR MUNICIPAL PALACE OF FLORENCE; BY ARNOLFO DI CAMBIO. GOTHIC STYLE. P. 358] [Illustration: CA D’ORO, VENICE GOTHIC STYLE, BY GIOV. AND BART. BUON. P. 360] [Illustration: VENDRAMINI PALACE, VENICE RENAISSANCE STYLE, BY PIETRO LOMBARDO. P. 360]