How to Study ArchitectureCaffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
History
How to Study Architecture
Caffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
Architecture -- History
Another Ionic example on the Acropolis is the =Temple of Athene Nike=
(Victory), known as the Temple of =Nike= =Apteros=; the term “Wingless,”
however, not describing the statue of the goddess but, as used above,
the style of the design--without colonnades.
=Theatres.=--Only second in importance to the Hellenic temples were the
theatres. Both served as memorials of the ancient traditions of the race
and as an incentive to higher citizenship. For the drama, which had its
origin in religious observances, was a civic institution, maintained by
the state and free to all citizens.
The origin of the Greek drama is to be found in the primitive worship of
Dionysos, the god of productiveness, and to the last the Greek stage and
auditorium perpetuated in their form some trace of their religious
origin. The nucleus was an altar consecrated to Dionysos. In earliest
times each family may have erected its own altar, presided over by the
father of the family as priest. Later each community would have its
official priest, and on the god’s feast-day all the villagers would move
in procession to the common altar, headed by the priest and a choir of
singers, trained by him. The altar reached, the priest would mount the
pedestal, surrounded by the choir, while the body of worshippers
disposed themselves around the spot. The priest would recite the
greatness of the god and at intervals the choir of voices would chant
the dithyrambic song, moving around the altar and accompanying the song
with rhythmic movement of body and limbs.
From this root of a religious drama in time grew successive stems. The
prowess of some hero would be adopted as a theme. At first the priest,
or it may be some wandering poet, would narrate the story; later he
would treat it in the first person, impersonating the hero, sometimes
engaging in dialogue with the chorus. Still later, other personages in
the story would be separately impersonated, and so the scope of the
dramatic representation developed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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