Discarding the primitive cylinder machine, now long since disused, we will firstly consider the plate machine in which the electricity arising from the friction of the rotating glass plate against the upper and lower cushions, is collected by two brass arms and distributed to the brass conductor, from which they branch out, and which is insulated by a glass support. [Illustration: FIG. 1. Plate Electrical Machine and Glass-legged Stool.] The machine should be fixed upon a firm stand that it may be quite steady during rotation, and be screwed to a heavy painted deal table, as is shown in Fig. 1. [Illustration: FIG. 2. Winter’s Machine.] When very seldom used, _and where expense is a consideration_, very _fair_ results may be obtained from a Winter’s machine with a plate of only 15 inches in diameter, and which is easily carried. In this instrument, Fig. 2, the fact that the quantity of electricity which may be accumulated upon a conductor is dependent upon its size has been most ingeniously applied, the surface of the conductor being enormously increased by the insertion into a large wooden ring of a core of thick iron wire. Electricity accumulates upon the wire, and is prevented from escaping by the insulating wooden covering. But in the daily or frequent use of Franklinism it is essential, equally for the comfort of the operator, as for the benefit of the patient, that the most efficient apparatus should be provided. The one delineated in Fig. 3, and which I habitually use, is that known as Carrè’s, but I have modified it by having attached to it a second accumulator, or conductor (the first time, I am led to understand, that such an improvement has been added to any such machine). This arrangement admits of the patient receiving the charge of either positive or negative electricity--a condition said by some physicians to be of primary importance. [Illustration: FIG. 3. Static Machine with Gas Engine and Insulating Stool.] There are other machines, but I do not propose to weary you with their descriptions. When _any_ Franklinic apparatus is in use its plate or plates should be evenly and uniformly rotated, and it is much better to have this done mechanically rather than by a man or maid-servant.