How to Use the Popular Science Library; History of Science; General Index — John Shaqi
How to Use the Popular Science Library; History of Science; General IndexServiss, Garrett Putman
History
How to Use the Popular Science Library; History of Science; General Index
Serviss, Garrett Putman
Popular science library; Science -- History
The romantic history of science shows how the discoveries of the
greatest human minds, slowly operating since the remotest times, have
made possible our present-day civilization. Few studies are worthy of
greater attention; no other department of knowledge affords more real
pleasure. Whoever clearly understands the history of science possesses
intellectual advantages over those who are ignorant of the causes
that have led to the establishment of the basic principles of our
modern industrial arts and applied sciences. Standards of comparison
are furnished by the history of science which illuminate many of the
wonders of to-day, develop alertness of mind, and afford a never-ending
train of suggestions for thought.
The term science means knowledge. It was derived from the language
of the Romans. It is well to have a clear idea of the meaning of the
word. Everyone knows that it has to do with certain kinds of knowledge;
few know the particular kinds it embraces. It does not mean the mere
knowledge of a single fact. It does not mean a knowledge of something
which has to be done. Long before science was born, our early ancestors
observed many isolated physical, philosophical, and religious facts.
They knew that day followed night, that the stars moved, that every day
the sun progressed over the arch of the heavens. Such facts did not
constitute science.
What we know as science began when man commenced to compare one fact
with another, to classify phenomena, and to arrange his knowledge
systematically. Order, method, system, are basic principles of science.
The best description would, therefore, appear to be systematized
knowledge of any kind which had been gained and verified by exact
observation and correct thinking. The whole field of human knowledge is
now methodically formulated and arranged into rational systems. Modern
science may, therefore, be said to embrace all our exact knowledge. Its
province is enormous; its subdivisions are limitless.
Science takes no account of knowledge which is not exact. Many people
acquire valuable information which they profitably use in business, but
which they are unable to communicate or describe to others because they
do not actually understand it.
Farmers and flower growers often possess important practical knowledge
of facts which are embraced by the principles of the sciences of
agriculture, botany, and biology. But their practical knowledge is
not true science. It is rather like an artist's intuitive impulse. It
is not the result of scientific analysis, and there is no tangible,
communicable residuum.
There could be no science if men did not discover principles of
knowledge which can be communicated to, and made available for use
by others. Scientific knowledge must be stripped of all traces of
emotionalism and personal convictions. True science is, therefore,
depersonalized knowledge.
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