How to Visit the English CathedralsSingleton, Esther
History
How to Visit the English Cathedrals
Singleton, Esther
Cathedrals -- England
“consists of a centre, in which are the three lancets of the
western window and above them a gable receding in stages, with
small pinnacles at the angles; and of two wings or western towers,
projecting beyond the nave, as at Salisbury. The upper part of
these towers is of Perpendicular character. That to the north-west
was completed by Bishop Bubwith (1407-1424), whose statue remains
in one of the niches: that to the south-west was the work of Bishop
Harewell (1366-1386). Both these towers, fine as are their details,
have a somewhat truncated appearance; and it is probable that the
original Early English design terminated at the uppermost band of
sculpture. The three western doors are of unusually small
dimensions, perhaps in order to leave ample room for the tiers of
figures which rise above them. Six narrow buttresses at the angles
of which are slender shafts of Purbeck marble, supporting canopies,
divide the entire front into five portions. The whole of the
statues which fill the niches are of Doulting stone.”--(R. J. K.)
Many visitors are at the first sight disappointed at the mutilated and
archaic expression of the figures; but they have commanded the greatest
admiration ever since old Fuller wrote: “The west front of Wells is a
masterpiece of art indeed, made of imagery in just proportion, so that
we may call them _vera et spirantis signa_. England affordeth not the
like.”
The =West Front= should be considered as a great screen intended for the
display of statuary rather than as the west termination of the nave. The
stone population, numbering about three hundred life-size or colossal
figures, is only equalled by that of Rheims and that of Chartres. All
critics agree that these statues, so notable for their graceful
draperies and spiritual expressions, rank with the contemporary
masterpieces of Italy and France. They are thought to have been made by
Italian sculptors at the time when Niccola Pisano was reviving sculpture
in Italy under the inspiration of classical models. The kings, queens,
princes, knights and nobles wear the costume of the Thirteenth Century.
The other figures are prophets, angels, martyrs and “the holy church
throughout the world.”
Unlike the monumental west fronts of France, with their splendid porches
and doors, the doors of Wells have been compared to “rabbit-holes on a
mountain-side.”
The western towers projecting beyond the aisles of the nave give
additional breadth to the west front. The arrangement resembles that of
Rouen. The two towers are very similar. Both have two belfry windows on
each side and a stair turret on the outer western angle. The spires were
never added.
The =Central Tower= is Early English to the level of the roof, and the two
upper stages are Decorated. From its summit a beautiful view is to be
enjoyed.
The =North Porch= (Norman) is the oldest part
[Illustration: WELLS: WEST FRONT]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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