Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
Finally, there is _the social faculty view_. This expression might be
used to indicate those conceptions which regard the social as including
only a part, often a rather definite part, of the individual. Human
nature is thus divided into individualistic or non-social tendencies or
faculties, and those that are social. Thus, certain emotions, as love,
are social; others, as fear or anger, are unsocial or individualistic.
Some writers have even treated the intelligence as an individualistic
faculty, and have found sociality only in some sorts of emotion or
sentiment.
This idea of instincts or faculties that are peculiarly social is well
enough if we use this word in the sense of pertaining to conversation or
immediate fellow-feeling. Affection is certainly more social in this
sense than fear. But if it is meant that these instincts or faculties
are in themselves morally higher than others, or that they alone pertain
to the collective life, the view is, I think, very questionable. At any
rate the opinion I hold, and expect to explain more fully in the further
course of this book, is that man’s psychical outfit is not divisible
into the social and the non-social; but that he is all social in a large
sense, is all a part of the common human life, and that his social or
moral progress consists less in the aggrandizement of particular
faculties or instincts and the suppression of others, than in the
discipline of all with reference to a progressive organization of life
which we know in thought as conscience.
Some instincts or tendencies may grow in relative importance, may have
an increasing function, while the opposite may be true of others. Such
relative growth and diminution of parts seems to be a general feature of
evolution, and there is no reason why it should be absent from our
mental development. But here as well as elsewhere most parts, if not
all, are or have been functional with reference to a life collective as
well as distributive; there is no sharp separation of faculties, and
progress takes place rather by gradual adaptation of old organs to new
functions than by disuse and decay.
CHAPTER II
SUGGESTION AND CHOICE
THE MEANING OF THESE TERMS AND THEIR RELATION TO EACH OTHER—INDIVIDUAL
AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF WILL OR CHOICE—SUGGESTION AND CHOICE IN
CHILDREN—THE SCOPE OF SUGGESTION COMMONLY UNDERESTIMATED—PRACTICAL
LIMITATIONS UPON DELIBERATE CHOICE—ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE ACTION OF
THE _MILIEU_—THE GREATER OR LESS ACTIVITY OF CHOICE REFLECTS THE
STATE OF SOCIETY—SUGGESTIBILITY.
The antithesis between suggestion and choice is another of those
familiar ideas which are not always so clear as they should be.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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