Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
The natural way to solve a moral question, when immediate action is not
required, is to let it lie in the mind, turning it over from time to
time as attention is directed to it. In this manner the new situation
gradually relates itself to all the mental forces having pertinency to
it. The less violent but more persistent tendencies connect themselves
quietly but firmly to recalcitrant impulse, enwrapping it like the
filaments of a spider’s web, and bringing it under discipline. Something
of this sort is implied in the rule of conduct suggested by Mr. H. R.
Marshall, in his excellent work, “Instinct and Reason”: “Act to restrain
the impulses which demand immediate reaction, in order that the impulse
order determined by the existence of impulses of less strength, but of
wider significance, may have full weight in the guidance of your
life.”[93]
It occurs to me, however, that there is no absolute rule that the right
is the deliberate. It is usually so, because the danger of irrationality
and disintegration comes, in most cases, from the temporary sway of some
active impulse, like that to strike or use injurious words in anger. But
rationality involves decision as well as deliberation; and there are
persons in whom the impulse to meditate and ponder so much outweighs the
impulse to decide and act, as itself to endanger the unity of life. Such
a person may well come to feel that the right is the decisive. It seems
likely that in most minds the larger rationality, which gives the sense
of right, is the sequel of much pondering, but is definitely achieved in
moments of vivid insight.
The main significance of the view that the right is the rational is to
deny that there is any sharp distinction in kind between the question of
right and wrong and other mental questions; the conclusion of conscience
being held to be simply a more comprehensive judgment, reached by the
same process as other judgments. It still leaves untouched the remoter
problems, mental and social, underlying all judgments; as, for instance,
of the nature of impulses, of what determines their relative intensity
and persistence, of the character of that process of competition and
assimilation among them of which judgments are the outcome; and of the
social order as determining impulses both indirectly, through its action
upon heredity, and directly through suggestion.
And behind these is that problem of problems, to which all the roads of
thought lead, that question of organization or vital process, of which
all special questions of society or of the mind are phases. From
whatever point of view we look at life, we can see something going on
which it is convenient to call organization, development, or the like;
but I suppose that all who have thought much about the matter feel that
we have only a vague notion of what the fact is that lies behind these
words.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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