Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
All ideals of personality are derived from intercourse, and all that
attain any general acceptance have a social organization and history.
Each historical epoch or nation has its somewhat distinctive personal
ideals, which are instilled into the individual from the general store
of thought. It is especially true that the persons of religion have this
character. They are communal and cumulative, are gradually built up and
become in some degree an institution. In this way they may acquire
richness, clearness, sanctity, and authority, and may finally be
inculcated as something above and outside of the human mind. The latter
is certain to happen if they are made the basis of a discipline to be
applied to all sorts of people. The dogma that they are extra-human
serves, like the forms and ceremonies of a court, to secure to them the
prestige of distance and inaccessibility.
It is a chief function of religious organization to make the moral
synthesis more readily attainable, by establishing a spiritual
discipline, or system of influences and principles, which shall
constantly stimulate one’s higher sentiments, and furnish a sort of
outline or scaffolding of suggestions to aid him in organizing his
thought. In doing this its main agent is the inculcation of personal
ideals, although the teaching of creeds is also, perhaps, important to
the same purpose. It is apparently part of the legitimate function of
organized moral thought to enter the vaguer fields of speculation about
conduct and inculcate provisional ideas, relating for instance to the
origin and meaning of life—matters which the mind must and will explore,
with or without a guide. To have suggested to them definite ways of
thinking regarding such matters helps to make mental unity possible, and
to save men from the aimless and distracting wanderings that often end
in despair. Of course these ideas must be in harmony with the general
state of thought, consistent, for example, with the established results
of science. Otherwise they only increase the distraction. But a
_credible creed_ is an excellent thing, and the lack of it is a real
moral deficiency.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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