Human nature and the social orderCooley, Charles Horton
Science
Human nature and the social order
Cooley, Charles Horton
Individualism; Social psychology; Sociology
As suggested in the previous chapter, self-feeling may be regarded as in
a sense the antithesis, or better perhaps, the complement, of that
disinterested and contemplative love that tends to obliterate the sense
of a divergent individuality. Love of this sort has no sense of bounds,
but is what we feel when we are expanding and assimilating new and
indeterminate experience, while self-feeling accompanies the
appropriating, delimiting, and defending of a certain part of
experience; the one impels us to receive life, the other to individuate
it. The self, from this point of view, might be regarded as a sort of
citadel of the mind, fortified without and containing selected treasures
within, while love is an undivided share in the rest of the universe. In
a healthy mind each contributes to the growth of the other: what we love
intensely or for a long time we are likely to bring within the citadel,
and to assert as part of ourself. On the other hand, it is only on the
basis of a substantial self that a person is capable of progressive
sympathy or love.
The sickness of either is to lack the support of the other. There is no
health in a mind except as it keeps expanding, taking in fresh life,
feeling love and enthusiasm; and so long as it does this its
self-feeling is likely to be modest and generous; since these sentiments
accompany that sense of the large and the superior which love implies.
But if love closes, the self contracts and hardens: the mind having
nothing else to occupy its attention and give it that change and renewal
it requires, busies itself more and more with self-feeling, which takes
on narrow and disgusting forms, like avarice, arrogance, and fatuity. It
is necessary that we should have self-feeling about a matter during its
conception and execution; but when it is accomplished or has failed the
self ought to break loose and escape, renewing its skin like the snake,
as Thoreau says. No matter what a man does, he is not fully sane or
human unless there is a spirit of freedom in him, a soul unconfined by
purpose and larger than the practicable world. And this is really what
those mean who inculcate the suppression of the self; they mean that its
rigidity must be broken up by growth and renewal, that it must be more
or less decisively “born again.” A healthy, self must be both vigorous
and plastic, a nucleus of solid, well-knit private purpose and feeling,
guided and nourished by sympathy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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