Economic development -- Social aspects; Social evolution; Social problems; Work
Now see how our wrong ideas work against this advantage. The individual
producer, shutting his eyes to the collectivity of the process,
considers that he “owns” the wheat, and that he “raised it himself.”
Therefore, instead of facilitating its distribution with the least
expense of social energy, he seeks to obstruct it by demanding as much
social energy as he can get,—_i. e._, the price,—the first step in the
exchange. Of course, being largely isolated, he does not succeed in
getting much, and, equally of course, he is at present not supplied with
his fair share of social energy beforehand; but admitting these facts,
it remains true that his mental attitude is the same as that of the
larger dealer: he looks on the world’s wheat as a source of profit to
him to any extent that he can reach.
Then come the great army of transporters. Thanks to the high
organisation of this social function, the distribution of the wheat goes
on with great facility and dispatch as far as mechanical convenience is
concerned, and, by the concentration of the business in a few hands,
much of the dribbling man-to-man subtraction is saved; but alas—the
little subtractions of many small private carriers are only exchanged
for the enormous subtractions of the few great public carriers.
Even at this extremely developed stage of evolution in the social
process, even in a business so public as to require public grants of
land and privilege, and designated as “a common carrier,” in the very
face of these flaring facts, this weird survival of a remote past, this
prehistoric Ego, with its Want theory, sits gobbling in the stream of
social distribution, like some dinotherium mysteriously preserved to do
mischief. This Common Carrier, managed by a few men, seriously believes
the distribution of the world’s wheat to be intended for the private
aggrandisement of the Carrier, and sucks from that life-giving stream as
large a supply of racial nourishment as “the traffic will
bear”—sometimes more! Of course the Carrier must be provided with his
share of social nutrition in order that he may carry, but why he should
claim this vastly disproportionate amount is not so clear. It is not
clear, that is, in the light of social laws to-day, but it is clear
enough as a logical deduction from the antique premisses so devoutly
believed in.
The stream of wheat, robbed of much of its value, pours on and reaches
the final stationary points of distribution, and there again the
dealers, wholesale and retail, imagine that this mass of food was
brought across the world for _their_ benefit, and proceed to extract
from it as much as they are able. Thus the food reaches fewer people in
smaller quantities, and those who get it are obliged to give back a
large proportion of its nourishing power in payment. The circulation of
the world is very seriously interfered with by this morbid action.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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