Humanism and America : $b Essays on the outlook of modern civilisation
Philosophy
Humanism and America : $b Essays on the outlook of modern civilisation
Humanism; Literature -- Philosophy; Philosophy, Modern; United States -- Civilization -- 20th century
Unlike Irving, Poe takes the idyllic dream seriously. He defines
the Poetic Principle as “simply the Human Aspiration for Supernal
Beauty,” manifested “in an elevating excitement of the Soul.” Of
course, as every one knows, his vigorous reason controlled the decadent
imagination and emotion of the earlier Gothic school and made him
perhaps our greatest master of the short story technique. But let us
illustrate and define the content of his “aspiration,” his “elevating
excitement of the Soul.” Where does he seek happiness? One thinks of
the “delirious bliss” of “the Valley of the Many-Coloured Grass” in
_Eleanora_. We might better, however, turn to _The Domain of Arnheim_,
where Ellison, with “_a fortune of four hundred and fifty million
dollars_,” seeks to satisfy his passion for an exclusively “physical
loveliness,” his “four elementary conditions of bliss,” which are
“free exercise,” “the love of woman,” “contempt of ambition,” and “an
object of unceasing pursuit.” After a four year quest he finds in the
“luxuriant nature of the Pacific Islands” “an elevated tableland of
wonderful fertility and beauty”; it was the “Paradise of Arnheim,”
combining everything rich and voluptuous. Ellison, however, sought to
gratify the “one passion of his soul, the thirst for beauty,” “above
all ... in the sympathy of a woman, not unwomanly, whose loveliness
and love enveloped his existence in the pure atmosphere of Paradise.”
Thus the content of Poe’s aspiration, as well as his references here
to the “chimera of the perfectionists” “Turgot, Price, Priestley and
Condorcet,” to “Fonthill,” the birthplace of _Vathek_, and to the “rapt
day-dreams of De Staël,” suggest that his aspiration is essentially one
with that ceaseless and aimless sensuous longing already illustrated in
the English romanticists. Or take _The Island of the Fay_, which deals
with the contemplation of “the glory of God” in “natural scenery”--“all
within the Spirit Divine”--in a “rivulet and island,” “all one
radiant harem of garden beauties.” Shelley-like, he sees approach the
“enchanted” island a gentle Fay in a “fragile canoe” with a “phantom
of an oar.” This vision of loveliness, however, passed “disconsolately
with her boat into the region of the ebony flood,” and “darkness fell
over all things and I beheld her magical figure no more.” Thus, as
Professor Foerster has so finely said, Poe gives us only “shuddering
harmonies of the murky subconscious, and roseate harmonies of
sensuous longing posing as spirituality.... His vision oscillated not
between the earthly and the supernal, but between the infernal and
the Arcadian.” But what did Poe report regarding the success of his
aspiration for supernal beauty? “To be thoroughly conversant with Man’s
heart,” he concludes, “is to take our final lesson in the iron-clasped
volume of Despair.” Thinking of writing a book on his life, he said:
“No man will ever dare write it. No man could write it, even if he
dared.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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