Humanistic nursing is not a matter solely of doing but also of being.
The humanistic nurse is open to the reality of the situation in the
existential sense. She is available with her total being in the
nurse-patient situation. This involves a living out of the nurturing,
intersubjective transaction with all of one's human capacities which
include a response to the experienced reality. Man is able to set his
world at a distance as an independent opposite and enter into relation
with it. In fact, according to Buber, this is what distinguishes
existence as human. It is man's special way of being.[4] For nursing to
be humanistic in this full sense of the term requires being and doing in
the situation and subsequently setting the experienced reality at a
distance (that is, objectifying it) and entering into relation with it.
The nurse's reflective response to her lived world may take the shape of
any form of human dialogue with reality, such as, science, art, or
philosophy.
Viewed existentially, every nursing event is unique, a live
intersubjective transaction colored and formed by the individual
participants. Although the event is ephemeral, the resultant
experiential knowledge is lasting and cumulative. So {18} from the
nurse's daily commonplace grows a body of clinical wisdom. The need for
describing nursing phenomena, for expressing and conceptualizing lived
nursing worlds, is basic to the theoretical and actual development of
humanistic nursing. In summary, we contend that humanistic nursing
practice necessarily involves the conceptualization of that practice and
an examination of its inherent values and that humanistic nursing theory
must be derived from nurses' lived experience. The interwoven theory and
practice are reciprocally enlightening.
Framework--The Human Situation
It is easy to recognize the intrinsic interrelatedness of humanistic
nursing theory and practice and the consequent necessity for their
concurrent development. It is even quite easy to take the next steps of
valuing such development and committing oneself to the task. But then
the question arises: Where to begin?
Humanistic nursing is concerned with what is basically nursing, that is,
with the phenomenon of nursing wherever it occurs regardless of its
specialized clinical, functional, or sociocultural form. So its domain
includes any or all nursing situations. And within this domain, since
humanistic nursing is an intersubjective transaction aimed at nurturing
well-being and more-being, its "stuff" includes all possible human and
interhuman responses. To conceive of so limitless a universe for study
is at once exhilarating and overwhelming. How can one get a handle on
the nursing universe? Is it possible to envision an inclusive frame that
would allow an orderly, systematic, and hopefully productive approach to
the development of humanistic nursing?
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