Humboldt: From 'The Gods and Other Lectures'Ingersoll, Robert Green
Science
Humboldt: From 'The Gods and Other Lectures'
Ingersoll, Robert Green
Free thought; Humboldt, Alexander von, 1769-1859
After having received the most thorough education, at that time
possible, and having determined to what end he would devote the labors
of his life, he turned his attention to the sciences of geology, mining,
mineralogy, botany, the distribution of plants, the distribution
of animals, and the effect of climate upon man. All grand physical
phenomena were investigated and explained. From his youth he had felt a
great desire for travel. He felt, as he says, a violent passion for
the sea, and longed to look upon nature in her wildest and most rugged
forms. He longed to give a physical description of the universe--a
grand picture of nature; to account for all phenomena; to discover the
laws governing the world; to do away with that splendid delusion called
special providence, and to establish the fact that the universe is
governed by law.
To establish this truth was, and is, of infinite importance to mankind.
That fact is the death-knell of superstition; it gives liberty to every
soul, annihilates fear, and ushers in the Age of Reason.
The object of this illustrious man was to comprehend the phenomena of
physical objects in their general connection, and to represent nature as
one great whole, moved and animated by internal forces.
For this purpose he turned his attention to descriptive botany,
traversing distant lands and mountain ranges to ascertain with certainty
the geographical distribution of plants. He investigated the laws
regulating the differences of temperature and climate, and the changes
of the atmosphere. He studied the formation of the earth's crust,
explored the deepest mines, ascended the highest mountains, and wandered
through the craters of extinct volcanoes.
He became thoroughly acquainted with chemistry, with astronomy, with
terrestrial magnetism; and as the investigation of one subject leads
to all others, for the reason that there is a mutual dependence and a
necessary connection between all facts, so Humboldt became acquainted
with all the known sciences.
His fame does not depend so much upon his discoveries (although he
discovered enough to make hundreds of reputations) as upon his vast and
splendid generalizations.
He was to science what Shakespeare was to the drama.
He found, so to speak, the world full of unconnected facts--all
portions of a vast system--parts of a great machine; he discovered the
connection that each bears to all; put them together, and demonstrated
beyond all contradiction that the earth is governed by law.
He knew that to discover the connection of phenomena is the primary aim
of all natural investigation. He was infinitely practical.
Origin and destiny were questions with which he had nothing to do.
His surroundings made him what he was.
In accordance with a law not fully comprehended, he was a production of
his time.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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