Ideas of Good and EvilYeats, W. B. (William Butler)
Philosophy
Ideas of Good and Evil
Yeats, W. B. (William Butler)
Essays
These three primary commands, to seek a determinate outline, to avoid a
generalized treatment, and to desire always abundance and exuberance, were
insisted upon with vehement anger, and their opponents called again and
again 'demons' and 'villains,' 'hired' by the wealthy and the idle; but in
private, Palmer has told us, he could find 'sources of delight throughout
the whole range of art,' and was ever ready to praise excellence in any
school, finding, doubtless, among friends, no need for the emphasis of
exaggeration. There is a beautiful passage in 'Jerusalem' in which the
merely mortal part of the mind, 'the spectre,' creates 'pyramids of
pride,' and 'pillars in the deepest hell to reach the heavenly arches,'
and seeks to discover wisdom in 'the spaces between the stars,' not 'in
the stars,' where it is, but the immortal part makes all his labours vain,
and turns his pyramids to 'grains of sand,' his 'pillars' to 'dust on the
fly's wing,' and makes of 'his starry heavens a moth of gold and silver
mocking his anxious grasp.' So when man's desire to rest from spiritual
labour, and his thirst to fill his art with mere sensation and memory,
seem upon the point of triumph, some miracle transforms them to a new
inspiration; and here and there among the pictures born of sensation and
memory is the murmuring of a new ritual, the glimmering of new talismans
and symbols.
It was during and after the writing of these opinions that Blake did the
various series of pictures which have brought him the bulk of his fame. He
had already completed the illustrations to Young's _Night Thoughts_--in
which the great sprawling figures, a little wearisome even with the
luminous colours of the original water-colour, became nearly intolerable
in plain black and white--and almost all the illustrations to 'the
prophetic books,' which have an energy like that of the elements, but are
rather rapid sketches taken while some phantasmic procession swept over
him, than elaborate compositions, and in whose shadowy adventures one
finds not merely, as did Dr. Garth Wilkinson, 'the hells of the ancient
people, the Anakim, the Nephalim, and the Rephaim ... gigantic
petrifactions from which the fires of lust and intense selfish passion
have long dissipated what was animal and vital'; not merely the shadows
cast by the powers who had closed the light from him as 'with a door and
window shutters,' but the shadows of those who gave them battle. He did
now, however, the many designs to Milton, of which I have only seen those
to _Paradise Regained_; the reproductions of those to _Comus_, published,
I think, by Mr. Quaritch; and the three or four to _Paradise Lost_,
engraved by Bell Scott--a series of designs which one good judge considers
his greatest work; the illustrations to Blair's _Grave_, whose gravity and
passion struggle with the mechanical softness and trivial smoothness of
Schiavonetti's engraving; the illustrations to Thornton's _Virgil_, whose
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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