_Illustrations_: F 37b; Hvass 176; LH 147; NB 141⁵; WD 76². [Illustration: Plate 12. Fleshy fungi: Spores purplish brown and borne on gills] ~Flammulina velutipes~ (Fries) Karsten Velvet-shank _Cap_: width 20-80 mm. _Stem_: width 5-10 mm; length 35-60 mm. _Description_: Cap: bright sand-colour or slightly red-brown at centre, convex at first then flattened with age, smooth, slimy because of the presence of a sticky elastic skin, rather rubbery to the touch. Stem: cylindrical or slightly swollen towards the base, dark brown and densely hairy or velvety, tough and rubbery to handle. Gills: adnexed, very unequal and somewhat distant, pale yellow, gradually becoming buff as the spores mature. Flesh: with rather pleasant smell, yellowish, watery and soft. Spore-print: white. Spores: medium-sized, hyaline, ellipsoid and about 8 × 3-4 µm in Size (7-9 × 3-4 µm). Marginal cystidia: hyaline, elongate, broadly flask-shaped. Facial cystidia: similar to marginal cystidia. _Habitat_ & _Distribution_: Found in clusters on old stumps, fallen trunks and on the wounded parts of standing trees. _General Information_: This fungus can be recognised by the clustered habit, the viscid, bright tawny cap and the dark velvety stem. This is one of the few agarics which occurs regularly late in the season, even appearing in the winter, although it can be seen growing in its familiar groups at almost any time of the year. This fungus holds a rather isolated position in classification and was once placed in the genus _Collybia_. It may be found in several books under this last genus. _Illustrations_: F 18b; Hvass 80; LH 109; NB 141³; WD 21⁴. [Illustration: Plate 13. Fleshy fungi: Spores white and borne on gills] ~Mycena galericulata~ (Fries) S. F. Gray Bonnet mycena _Cap_: width 25-50 mm. _Stem_: width 3-6 mm; length 50-125 mm. _Description_: Cap: conical or bell-shaped then expanding but retaining a central umbo, never completely flattened, smooth, greyish, pale sepia or dirty white and striate with darker lines from the margin to the centre. Stem: similarly coloured to the cap, smooth, shiny, tough and usually noticeably downy at base. Gills: at first white flushed distinctly pale pink with age, uncinate, rather distant and sometimes with interconnecting veins. Flesh: white with little or no distinctive smell. Spore-print: white. Spores: medium-sized, hyaline, broadly ellipsoid, smooth, about 10 × 7 µm in size (9-12 × 6-8 µm) and staining bluish grey when mounted in solutions containing iodine. Marginal cystidia: club-shaped but the apex ornamented with blunt hairs of varying lengths. Facial cystidia: absent. _Habitat_ & _Distribution_: Commonly found, in all but the coldest months, in woods, parks or gardens, often in dense clusters on stumps and fallen trunks of broad-leaved trees.