Cardinal _Caraffa_ was twice in danger (I say, in danger; for in him the _Papacy_ would have been endanger’d) to be _Pope_; Once at the time of the Election of _Innocent_, and before at that of _Urban_; But at both times he was excluded, for the sole consideration of his being of the Family of _Caraffa_; the very Name whereof, in remembrance of the Nephews of _Paul_ the Fourth, remains extremely odious both to small and great. Otherwise, the Cardinal in himself was a Person of merit, and vertue sufficient, to enable to ascend to such a Dignity, as well as those others that have ascended in his place. Some excluded him, because they doubted lest the _Caraffi_ would turn once again to the _Sicut erat_, that is, to aggrandize themselves at the cost of the Church, and the damage of all _Christendom_; and so much the more, in regard the number of the said Cardinal’s Nephews was so great, that even himself could hardly count them; notwithstanding that he did what he could to make it believed, that he was wholly free from personal interest, as well as that of blood. Long would the discourse be, and infinite the words, if I were obliged to give account of the Nephews of all the _Popes_, one after another (according to the order begun) down to _Sixtus_ the fourth: to whom, as being the Introducer, not of the _Nipotismo_ it self into _Rome_, but of the Pride and boundless Authority thereof, may be justly attributed all the Evil, which, for the two last Ages, the Nephews of _Popes_ have caused to the Church. Wherefore, I will for the present omit to make a distinct survey of the mischiefs of the other; partly, because I know not readily how to discover the good of any; and partly, because my heart will not suffer me to view, without tears, the Evil of all; which is the more grievous, because irremediable. What might I say of _Marcellus_ the second, who lived but a short time, and gave no authority to his Nephews? Or what of _Julius_ the third, who minded nothing else but Feasting, sometimes with one, sometimes with another; and kept his Kindred at _Rome_, rather to accompany him to Entertainments, than to assist him in the Government of the Church, which he little heeded? What Discourse shall I make of _Paul_ the Third, who would have had the _Farnesian_ Lillies turned the State of the Church into one sole Garden for their own use? Or of _Clement_ the Seventh, who out of a _Capriccio_ lost the Kingdom, by refusing to grant _Henry_ the Eighth of _England_ a Divorce from _Catherine_, and a Licence to marry _Anne Bouillon_, with whom he was in love? What praise shall I attribute to _Adrian_ the Sixth, a great Enemy to his own Relations, and perpetually averse from the introducing of a _Nipotismo_?