Illustrated Catalogue of Locomotives; Baldwin Locomotive WorksBaldwin Locomotive Works
History
Illustrated Catalogue of Locomotives; Baldwin Locomotive Works
Baldwin Locomotive Works
Baldwin locomotives; Locomotives -- Catalogs
In June, 1834, a patent was issued to Mr. E. L. Miller, by whom Mr.
Baldwin's second engine was ordered, for a method of increasing the
adhesion of a locomotive by throwing a part of the weight of the
tender on the rear of the engine, thus increasing the weight on the
drivers. Mr. Baldwin adopted this device on an engine built for the
Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad Company, May, 1835, and thereafter
used it largely, paying one hundred dollars royalty for each engine.
Eventually (May 6, 1839) he bought the patent for nine thousand
dollars, evidently considering that the device was especially
valuable, if not indispensable, in order to render his engine as
powerful, when required, as other patterns having the driving-wheels
in front of the fire-box, and therefore utilizing more of the weight
of the engine for adhesion.
In making the truck and tender wheels of these early locomotives, the
hubs were cast in three pieces and afterward banded with wrought-iron,
the interstices being filled with spelter. This method of construction
was adopted on account of the difficulty then found in casting a
chilled wheel in one solid piece.
April 3, 1835, Mr. Baldwin took out a patent for certain improvements
in the wheels and tubes of locomotive engines. That relating to the
wheels provided for casting the hub and spokes together, and having
the spokes terminate in segments of a rim, as described in his patent
of September 10, 1834. Between the ends of the spokes and the tires
wood was interposed, and the tire might be either of wrought-iron or
of chilled cast-iron. The intention was expressed of making the tire
usually of cast-iron chilled. The main object, however, was declared
to be the interposition between the spokes and the rim of a layer of
wood or other substance possessing some degree of elasticity. This
method of making driving-wheels was followed for several years.
The improvement in locomotive tubes consisted in driving a copper
ferrule or thimble on the outside of the end of the tube, and
soldering it in place, instead of driving a ferrule into the tube, as
had previously been the practice. The object of the latter method had
been to make a tight joint with the tube-sheet; but, by putting the
ferrule on the outside of the tube, not only was the joint made as
tight as before, but the tube was strengthened, and left unobstructed
throughout to the full extent of its diameter. This method of setting
flues has been generally followed in the works from that date to the
present, the only difference being that, at this time, with iron
tubes, the end is swedged down, the copper ferrule brazed on, and the
iron end turned or riveted over against the copper thimble and the
flue-sheet, to make the joint perfect.
Early in 1835, the new shop on Broad Street was completed and
occupied. Mr. Baldwin's attention was thenceforward given to
locomotive building exclusively, except that a stationary engine was
occasionally constructed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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