Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the EarthPlayfair, John
Science
Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the Earth
Playfair, John
Geology; Hutton, James, 1726-1797. Theory of the earth
But Dolomieu makes a still nearer advance to the Huttonian theory; for
he supposes, that under the solid and hard crust of the globe, there is
a sphere of melted stone, from which this basaltic lava was thrown up.
The system of subterraneous heat is here adopted in its utmost extent,
and in that form which is considered as the most liable to objection,
viz. the existence of it at the present moment, in such a degree as to
melt rocks, and keep them in a state of fusion. In this conclusion, the
two theories agree perfectly; and if they do so, it is only because
the nature of things has forced them into union, notwithstanding the
dissimilitude of their fundamental principles.
This ought to be considered as a strong proof, that the phenomena
known to mineralogists are sufficient to justify the attempts to form
a theory of the earth, and are such as lead to the same conclusions,
where there was not only no previous concert, but even a very marked
opposition. I have already observed, that there is a greater tendency
to agree among geological theories, than among the authors of those
theories.
456. Another circumstance worthy of consideration is, that in the
search which the Neptunists have made, for facts most favourable to the
aqueous formation of minerals, we find hardly any of a kind that was
unknown to the author of the system here explained. The appearances on
which WERNER grounds his opinion with respect to basaltes, and by which
he would exclude the action of fire from any share in the formation of
it, are all comprehended in the alternation of that rock with beds, or
strata obviously of aqueous origin. Now these appearances were well
known to Dr Hutton, and are easily explained by his theory, provided
the effects of compression are admitted. From this, and the other
circumstances just observed, I am disposed to think, that the great
facts on which every geological system must depend, are now known, and
that it is not too bold an anticipation to say, that a theory of the
earth, which explains all the phenomena with which we are at present
acquainted, will be found to explain all those that remain to be
discovered.
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