Normal fire-prevention rules are of special importance in an emergency. They include familiar commonsense precautions such as not allowing trash to accumulate, especially near heat sources; exercising extreme caution in the use of flammable fluids such as gasoline, naphtha, etc.; storage of such fluids outdoors when possible; care in the use of electricity; repairing of faulty wiring and avoiding overloaded circuits; and repair of faulty heating systems. These special fire precautions should be taken in a time of nuclear emergency, especially if you plan to use a home shelter: (1) Keep some of the intense heat rays from nuclear explosions from entering your house by closing your doors, windows, venetian blinds, window shades and drapes. If the climate will not permit this for an extended period of time, close as many as possible, then close the rest when the Attack Warning Signal is given. (2) Unless local authorities advise otherwise, fill buckets, bathtubs and other containers with water, for use in emergency fire fighting. If a fire does occur, your home might be saved if you know how to fight fires, and have on hand some basic firefighting tools. These should include a garden hose, a ladder, buckets filled with sand, containers filled with water, and a fire extinguisher. Keep in mind that vaporizing-liquid types of fire extinguishers can produce dangerous fumes when used in small enclosed spaces. Remember the 3 basic ways to put out a fire: * Take away its fuel. * Take away its air (smother it). * Cool it with water or fire-extinguisher chemicals. _Ordinary fires_ should be fought by: --Getting the burning material out of the house (carry it out, or throw it out of a door or window if you can); or --Putting out the fire with water, sand, earth or fire-extinguisher chemicals; or --Smothering the fire with a rug or blanket, preferably wet. _Special types of fires_ require special methods: --If it is an _electrical fire_, be sure to shut off the electricity first. Then put out the flames with water or anything else available. If you can't shut off the electricity, don't use water on an electrical fire. --If it is an _oil or grease fire_, shut off the supply of whatever is burning. Then smother the flames with sand, earth, rugs, or other heavy materials. Don't use water. --If it is a _gas fire_, shut off the gas supply. Then use water, sand, or earth to put out whatever is burning. * * * * * CHAPTER 9 EMERGENCY CARE OF THE SICK AND INJURED SUMMARY BEFORE AN EMERGENCY 1. Take the Medical Self-Help course, or a First Aid course. 2. If this is not possible, obtain a good first aid manual, study it, and keep it at home; or study the emergency medical instructions given in this chapter, and keep this handbook at home. 3. Obtain a good first aid kit, and keep your home medicine chest well stocked with supplies you may need in a time of emergency. DURING AN EMERGENCY