Germain’s fatal error; he overestimated the strength of the Tories 274 Too many unknown quantities 275 Danger from New England ignored 276 Germain’s negligence; the dispatch that was never sent 277 Burgoyne advances upon Ticonderoga 277, 278 Phillips seizes Mount Defiance 279 Evacuation of Ticonderoga 279 Battle of Hubbardton (July 7) 280 One swallow does not make a summer 280-282 The king’s glee; wrath of John Adams 282 Gates was chiefly to blame 282 Burgoyne’s difficulties beginning 283 Schuyler wisely evacuates Fort Edward 284 Enemies gathering in Burgoyne’s rear 285 Use of Indian auxiliaries 285 Burgoyne’s address to the chiefs 286 Burke ridicules the address 286 The story of Jane McCrea 287, 288 The Indians desert Burgoyne 289 Importance of Bennington; Burgoyne sends a German force against it 290 Stark prepares to receive the Germans 291 Battle of Bennington (August 16); nearly the whole German army captured on the field 292, 293 Effect of the news; Burgoyne’s enemies multiply 294 Advance of St. Leger upon Fort Stanwix 295 Herkimer marches against him; Herkimer’s plan 296 Failure of the plan 297 Thayendanegea prepares an ambuscade 298 Battle of Oriskany (August 6) 298-300 Colonel Willett’s sortie; first hoisting of the stars and stripes 300-301 Death of Herkimer 301 Arnold arrives at Schuyler’s camp 302 And volunteers to retrieve Fort Stanwix 303 Yan Yost Cuyler and his stratagem 304 Flight of St. Leger (August 22) 305 Burgoyne’s dangerous situation 306 Schuyler superseded by Gates 306 Position of the two armies (August 19-September 12) 307 CHAPTER VII SARATOGA Why Sir William Howe went to Chesapeake Bay 308 Charles Lee in captivity 308-310 Treason of Charles Lee 311-314 Folly of moving upon Philadelphia as the “rebel capital” 314, 315 Effect of Lee’s advice 315 Washington’s masterly campaign in New Jersey (June, 1777) 316, 317 Uncertainty as to Howe’s next movements 317, 318 Howe’s letter to Burgoyne 318 Comments of Washington and Greene 319, 320 Howe’s alleged reason trumped up and worthless 320 Burgoyne’s fate was practically decided when Howe arrived at Elkton 321 Washington’s reasons for offering battle 321 He chooses a very strong position 322 Battle of the Brandywine (September 11) 322-326 Washington’s skill in detaining the enemy 326 The British enter Philadelphia (September 26) 326 Significance of Forts Mercer and Mifflin 327 The situation at Germantown 327, 328 Washington’s audacious plan 328 Battle of Germantown (October 4) 329-332 Howe captures Forts Mercer and Mifflin 333 Burgoyne recognizes the fatal error of Germain 333 Nevertheless he crosses the Hudson River 334 First battle at Freeman’s Farm (September 19) 335 Quarrel between Gates and Arnold 336-337 Burgoyne’s supplies cut off 338 Second battle at Freeman’s Farm (October 7); the British totally defeated by Arnold 338-340 The British army is surrounded 341 Sir Henry Clinton comes up the river, but it is too late 342 The silver bullet 343