[90] Edward Gibbon (1737-1794). One of the most distinguished of English historians. His great work is the "Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire." Carlyle called Gibbon, "the splendid bridge from the old world to the new." [91] Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772). A great Swedish theologian, naturalist, and mathematician, and the founder of a religious sect which has since his death become prominent among the philosophical schools of Christianity. [92] Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (1746-1827). A Swiss teacher and educational reformer of great influence in his time. COMPENSATION [93] These lines are printed under the title of Compensation in Emerson's collected poems. He has also another poem of eight lines with the same title. [94] Documents, data, facts. [95] This doctrine, which a little observation would confute, is still taught by some. [96] Doubloons, Spanish and South American gold coins of the value of about $15.60 each. [97] Polarity, that quality or condition of a body by virtue of which it exhibits opposite or contrasted properties in opposite or contrasted directions. [98] Systole and diastole, the contraction and dilation of the heart and arteries. [99] They are increased and consequently want more. [100] Intenerate, soften. [101] White House, the popular name of the presidential mansion at Washington. [102] Explain the phrase eat dust. [103] Overlook, oversee, superintend. [104] Res nolunt, etc. Translated in the previous sentence. [105] The world ... dew. Explain the thought. What gives the earth its shape? [106] The microscope ... little. This statement is not in accordance with the facts, if we are to understand perfect in the sense which the next sentence would suggest. [107] Emerson has been considered a pantheist. [108]O? ??ß??, etc. The translation follows in the text. This old proverb is quoted by Sophocles, (Fragm. lxxiv. 2) in the form: ?e? ??? e? p?pt??s?? ?? ???? ??ß??, Emerson uses it in Nature in the form "Nature's dice are always loaded." [109] Amain, with full force, vigorously. [110] The proverb is quoted by Horace, Epistles, I, x. 24: "Naturam expelles furca, tamen usque recurret." A similar thought is expressed by Juvenal, Seneca, Cicero, and Aristophanes. [111] Augustine, Confessions, B. I. [112] Jupiter, the supreme god of the Romans, the Zeus of the Greeks. [113] Tying up the hands. The expression is used figuratively, of course. [114] The supreme power in England is vested in Parliament. [115] Prometheus stole fire from heaven to benefit the race of men. In punishment for this Jupiter chained him to a [291] rock and set an eagle to prey upon his liver. Some unknown and terrible danger threatened Jupiter, the secret of averting which only Prometheus knew. For this secret Jupiter offered him his freedom. [116] Minerva, goddess of wisdom, who sprang full-armed from the brain of Jupiter. The secret which she held is told in the following lines.