[630] The antres vost, etc. See Othello, I. 3. "Antres" is an old word, meaning caves, caverns. [631] Cyclopean architecture. In Greek mythology, the Cyclops were a race of giants. The term 'Cyclopean' is applied here to the architecture of Egypt and India, because of the majestic size of the buildings, and the immense size of the stones used, as if it would require giants to perform such works. [632] Phidian sculpture. Phidias was a famous Greek sculptor who lived in the age of Pericles and beautified Athens with his works. [633] Gothic minsters. Churches or cathedrals, built in the Gothic, or pointed, style of architecture which prevailed during the Middle Ages; it owed nothing to the Goths, and this term was originally used in reproach, in the sense of "barbarous." [634] The Italian painting. In Italy during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries pictorial art was carried to a degree of perfection unknown in any other time or country. [635] Ballads of Spain and Scotland. The old ballads of these countries are noted for beauty and spirit. [636] Tripod. Define this word, and explain its appropriateness here. [637] Aubrey. John Aubrey, an English antiquarian of the seventeenth century. [638] Rowe. Nicholas Rowe, an English author of the seventeenth century, who wrote a biography of Shakespeare. [639] Timon. See note on Gifts, 466. [640] Warwick. An English politician and commander of the fifteenth century, called "the King Maker." He appears in Shakespeare's plays, Henry IV., V., and VI. [641] Antonio. The Venetian Merchant in Shakespeare's play, The Merchant of Venice. [642] Talma. François Joseph Talma was a French tragic actor, to whom Napoleon showed favor. [643] An omnipresent humanity, etc. See what Carlyle has to say on this subject in his Hero as Poet. [644] Daguerre. Louis Jacques Daguerre, a French painter, one of the inventors of the daguerreotype process, by means of which an image is fixed on a metal plate by the chemical action of light. [645] Euphuism. The word here has rather the force of euphemism, an entirely different word. Euphuism was an affected ornate style of expression, so called from Euphues, by John Lyly, a sixteenth century master of that style. [646] Epicurus. A Greek philosopher of the third century before Christ. He was the founder of the Epicurean school of philosophy which taught that pleasure should be man's chief aim and that the highest pleasure is freedom. [647] Dante. (See note 258.) [648] Master of the revels, etc. Emerson always expressed thankfulness for "the spirit of joy which Shakespeare had shed over the universe." See what Carlyle says in The Hero as Poet, about Shakespeare's "mirthfulness and love of laughter." [649] Koran. The Sacred book of the Mohammedans. [650] Twelfth Night, etc. The names of three bright, merry, or serene plays by Shakespeare.