[Footnote 329: Gobhila IV. 4, 3, itarad anvâhâryam. But the commentators add anagner amâvasyâ_s_râddham, nânvâhâryam. According to Gobhila there ought to be the Vai_s_vadeva offering and the Bali offering at the end of each Pârva_n_a-_s_râddha; see "Gobhilîya G_ri_hya-sûtras," p. 1005, but no Vai_s_vadeva at an ekoddish_t_a _s_râddha, l. c. p. 1020.] [Footnote 330: L. c. pp. 1005-1010; "Nirnayasindhu," p. 270.] [Footnote 331: See Burnell, "The Law of Partition," p. 31.] [Footnote 332: Kalau tâvad gavâlambho mâ_m_sadâna_m_ _k_a _s_râddhe nishiddham, Gobhilena tu madhyamâsh_t_akâyâ_m_ vâstukarma_n_i _k_a gavâlambho vihita_h_, mâ_m_sa_k_aru_s_ _k_ânvash_t_akya_s_râddhe; Gobhilîya G_ri_hya-sûtra, ed. "_K_andrakânta Tarkâlankâra, Vi_gñ_apti," p. 8.] [Footnote 333: It may be seriously doubted whether prayers _to_ the dead or _for_ the dead satisfy any craving of the human heart. With us in "the North," a shrinking from "open manifestations of grief" has nothing whatever to do with the matter. Those who refuse to engage in such worship believe and teach that the dead are not gods and cannot be helped by our prayers. Reason, not feeling, prevents such worship.--AM. PUBS.] [Footnote 334: A deeper idea than affection inspired this custom. Every kinsman was always such, living or dead; and hence the service of the dead was sacred and essential. The _S_râddhas were adopted as the performance of such offices. There were twelve forms of this service: 1. The daily offering to ancestors. 2. The _s_râddha for a person lately deceased, and not yet included with the pit_ri_s. 3. The _s_râddha offered for a specific object. 4. The offering made on occasions of rejoicing. 5. The _s_râddha performed when the recently-departed has been incorporated among the Pit_ri_s. 6. The _s_râddha performed on a parvan-day, _i.e._, new moon, the eighth day, fourteenth day, and full moon. 7. The _s_râddha performed in a house of assembly for the benefit of learned men. 8. Expiatory. 9. Part of some other ceremony. 10. Offered for the sake of the Devas. 11. Performed before going on a journey. 12. _S_râddha for the sake of wealth. The _s_râddhas may be performed in one's own house, or in some secluded and pure place. The number performed each year by those who can afford it varies considerably; but ninety-six appears to be the more common. The most fervent are the twelve new-moon rites; four Yuga and fourteen Manu rites; twelve corresponding to the passages of the sun into the zodiacal mansions, etc.--A. W.] [Footnote 335: See "Hibbert Lectures," new ed. pp. 243-255.]