He was perhaps the most inveterate and troublesome enemy which any of the American colonies have ever met with among his race. The general causes which made him so, independently of his inherent talents and principles, are to be looked for in the situation of the tribes under his command, and especially in the relations existing between them and the colonists. He saw, that either the white or the red man must sooner or later establish an exclusive superiority; and he very reasonably decided upon doing all in his own power to determine the issue in favor of his country and himself. But more particular provocations were not wanting. Even after the peace of 1636, great as the anxiety was for its preservation, "the subtle Indians," says Beverley, "resented _the encroachments on them by Hervey's grants."_ A late historian expresses himself in warmer terms. It was not enough, he writes, that they had abandoned to their invaders the delightful regions on the sea-shore, where their fathers had been placed by the bounty of heaven--where their days had rolled on in an enchanting round of innocence and gayety--where they had possessed abundance without labor, and independence without government. The little that remained to them was attempted to be wrested from them by the insatiable avarice and rapacity of their enemies.[FN] * * * * * [FN] Burk, Vol. II. CHAPTER V. Biography of other Virginian chieftains--Opitchipan--Some particulars respecting Tomocomo--His visit to England, interview with Captain Smith, and return to America--Japazaws, chief sachem of the Patowomekes--His friendship for the English--Ill treatment which he received from them--Totopotomoi, successor of Opechancanough--His services--His death in 1656--Notices of several native chiefs of North Carolina--Granganimo, who dies in 1585--Menatenon, king of the Chowanocks--Ensenore, father of Granganimo; and Wingina, his brother--Plot of the latter against the Hatteras colony--His death--Comment on the Carolinian Biography. The characters we have heretofore noticed are far the most prominent in the Indian history of Virginia. Indeed, they are almost the only ones which have been preserved with distinctness enough to excite much interest in them as individuals. Still, there are several which ought not to be wholly passed by; and the want of a vivid light and coloring in some of them, may perhaps be compensated, at least, by the appearance of milder qualities than are predominant in the portraitures we have hitherto sketched.