INDIAN MYTH AND LEGEND _MYTH AND LEGEND IN LITERATURE AND ART_ CLASSIC MYTH AND LEGEND _By A. R. Hope Moncrieff_ CELTIC MYTH AND LEGEND POETRY AND ROMANCE _By Charles Squire_ TEUTONIC MYTH AND LEGEND _By Donald A. Mackenzie_ ROMANCE AND LEGEND OF CHIVALRY _By A. R. Hope Moncrieff_ EGYPTIAN MYTH AND LEGEND _By Donald A. Mackenzie_ INDIAN MYTH AND LEGEND _By Donald A. Mackenzie_ MYTHS OF BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA _By Donald A. Mackenzie_ MYTHS OF CRETE AND PRE-HELLENIC EUROPE _By Donald A. Mackenzie_ THE GRESHAM PUBLISHING COMPANY LTD. [Illustration: SITA FINDS RAMA AMONG LOTUS BLOOMS _From the painting by Warwick Goble_] INDIAN MYTH AND LEGEND DONALD A. MACKENZIE _With Illustrations in Colour by Warwick Goble and numerous monochrome Plates_ THE GRESHAM PUBLISHING COMPANY LIMITED 66 CHANDOS STREET COVENT GARDEN LONDON PREFACE This volume deals with the myths and legends of India, which survive to us in the rich and abundant storehouse of Sanskrit literature, and with the rise and growth of Brahmanism, Buddhism, Jainism, &c. The reader is introduced to the various sacred works of the Hindus, including the ancient invocatory hymns of the four Vedas, the later speculative and expository “Forest Books” in which “the Absolute is grasped and proclaimed”, and those great epic poems the _Rámáyana_, which is three times longer than the _Iliad_, and the _Máhábharata_, which is four times longer than the _Rámáyana_. In no other country have the national poets given fuller and finer expression to the beliefs and ideals and traditions of a people, or achieved as a result wider and more enduring fame. At the present day over two hundred million Hindus are familiar in varying degrees with the legendary themes and traditional beliefs which the ancient forest sages and poets of India invested with much beautiful symbolism, and used as mediums for speculative thought and profound spiritual teachings. The sacred books of India are to the Hindus what the Bible is to Christians. Those who read them, or hear them read, are believed to be assured of prosperity in this world and of salvation in the next. To students of history, of ethnology, and of comparative religion they present features of peculiar interest, for they contain an elaborate sociology of the ancient Aryo-Indians, their political organizations, their codes of laws, their high ethical code, and above all their conceptions of God, the soul, and the Universe. Some knowledge of them is necessary for those who desire to approach with sympathy the investigation of the religious beliefs of our Hindu fellow men and to understand their outlook upon life and the world.