Indian Myth and LegendMackenzie, Donald A. (Donald Alexander)
History
Indian Myth and Legend
Mackenzie, Donald A. (Donald Alexander)
Hindu mythology; Legends -- India
Shiva's complex character is reflected in the various forms assumed
by his bride. As the Destroyer he is associated with Durga, who has
great beauty and is also a war goddess. As Kali she is the black
earth-mother, and as Jagadgauri, the yellow woman, the harvest bride.
Armed with Celestial weapons, Durga is a renowned slayer of demons. In
her Kali form she is of hideous aspect. Sculptors and painters have
depicted her standing on the prostrate form of Shiva and grinning with
outstretched tongue. Her body is smeared with blood because she has
waged a ferocious and successful war against the giants. Like Shiva,
she has a flaming third eye on her forehead. Her body is naked save
for a girdle of giants' hands suspended from her waist; round her neck
she wears a long necklace of giants' skulls: like the Egyptian Isis,
Kali can conceal herself in her long and abundant hair. She has four
arms: in one she holds a weapon, and in another the dripping head of a
giant; two empty hands are raised to bless her worshippers. Like the
Egyptian Hathor or Sekhet, the “Eye of Ra”, she goes forth to slay the
enemies of the gods, rejoicing in slaughter. Like Hathor, too, she is
asked to desist, but heeds not. Then Shiva approaches her and lies
down among her victims. Kali dances over the battlefield and leaps on
her husband's body. When she observes, however, what she has done, she
ejects her tongue with shame.
As Sati, Shiva's wife is the ideal of a true and virtuous Hindu woman.
When Sati's husband was slighted by her father, the Deva-rishi,
Daksha, she cast herself on the sacrificial fire. Widows who died on
the funeral pyres of their husbands were called Sati[184], because in
performing this rite they imitated the faithful goddess.
[184] Often spelled _Suttee_.
Sati was reborn as Uma, “Light”, the impersonation of divine wisdom;
as Amvika the same goddess was a sister of Rudra, or his female
counterpart, Rudra taking the place of Purusha, the first man. Par´vati
was another form of the many-sided goddess. Shiva taunted her for being
black, and she went away for a time and engaged in austerities, with
the result that she assumed a golden complexion.
[Illustration: GANESA (see page 151)
_From a sculpture in the Victoria and Albert Museum_
28]
A trinity of goddesses is formed by Saraswati, the white one, Lakshmi,
the red one, and Par´vati, the black one. The three were originally
one—a goddess who came into existence when Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva
spoke of the dreaded Asura, Andhaka (Darkness) and looked one at
another. The goddess was coloured white, red, and black, and divided
herself, according to the Varaha Purana, into three forms representing
the Past, Present, and Future.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account