Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United StatesLauber, Almon Wheeler
History
Indian slavery in colonial times within the present limits of the United States
Lauber, Almon Wheeler
Indians of North America; Indians, Treatment of -- United States; Slavery -- United States; Thesis (Ph. D.)
The search for the northwest passage was continued by Captain George
Weymouth in 1605, under the patronage of Lord Popham and Sir Ferdinando
Gorges. Weymouth reached the coast of America at the mouth of the
present Penobscot River in Maine. By making presents to the Indians
and by treating them kindly, he induced five of them to come on board
his ship. These five Indians were kidnapped and carried to England,
along with their canoes and the personal belongings which they had with
them at the time of capture. There appears to have been no feeling
of opposition shown to such an act. Three of them were presented by
Weymouth to Gorges, and two to Popham.[553] Gorges declared that
“this accident must be acknowledged the means under God of putting on
foot and giving life to all our plantations”.[554] Weymouth did not
propose to obtain financial profit by the sale of these Indians any
more than did his predecessors, Cabot and Frobisher. His immediate
purpose was probably to please his patrons by a curious gift, and
doubtless he shared the purpose of Gorges and Popham of learning from
them the resources of their native land, and by instructing them, to
have them fitted to act as intelligent guides and interpreters in some
future expedition. His instructions required that he treat the Indians
kindly so that they might prove friendly to future settlements.[555]
The treatment of the captives in England was evidently kind. Gorges
kept his Indians in his family three years and obtained from them the
knowledge he desired. The Indians were shown to the curious, perhaps
for money, and it has been held that one, after death, was exhibited
for an admission price.[556]
Captain Edward Harlow, under the patronage of the Earl of Southampton,
visited America in 1611, and at “Monhigan Island” seized three Indians
who had come on board to trade. One of these escaped and incited his
friends to revenge, so Harlow proceeded southward and from the islands
in the vicinity of Cape Cod kidnapped three others. With these five
Indians he returned to England.[557]
Though in the cases cited the Indians taken by the English were
probably not destined to actual slavery, yet instances are not wanting
in which they were taken for that purpose. The profit to be derived
from the sales in the slave markets was tempting. Just before sending
out the expedition of 1614, Captain Henry Harley brought to Gorges a
native of the island of Capawick[558] (Martha’s Vineyard.) This Indian
had been captured with some twenty-nine others by a ship from London
and taken to Spain for sale as a slave. The sale failed wholly or in
part, and some of the Indians were brought to England and shown as
curiosities as the other Indians had been.[559] Gorges, though he had
sanctioned the act of Weymouth, condemned the action of the captors of
this group of Indians, for he feared the Indians of America would be
unfriendly to colonial enterprise.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account